Investigating the Effect of Aerobic training on the Gene Expression of AKT and FOXO in the Sarcopenia Signaling Pathway, Beclin-1 and LC3 Genes in the Autophagy Pathway, and Inflammatory Markers TNF-α and IL-1β in the Muscle Tissue Soleus of Rats with Type 2 Diabetes

Rabbani, Mohammad Hossein; Farzanegi, Parvin; Azarbayjani , Mohammad Ali

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Volume 33, Issue 3 (7-2025)

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2025, 33(3): 82-96

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Investigating the Effect of Aerobic training on the Gene Expression of AKT and FOXO in the Sarcopenia Signaling Pathway, Beclin-1 and LC3 Genes in the Autophagy Pathway, and Inflammatory Markers TNF-α and IL-1β in the Muscle Tissue Soleus of Rats with Type 2 Diabetes

Mohammad Hossein Rabbani¹

, Parvin Farzanegi ^*²

, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani¹

1- Dept of Sport Physiology.CT.C. , Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2- Dept of Sport Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari,Iran , parvin.farzanegi@gmail.com

Abstract: (30 Views)

Introduction: Aerobic training, recognized as a non-pharmacological therapy, can have beneficial effects on improving metabolic conditions and reducing inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic training on the expression of genes related to sarcopenia signaling pathways, autophagy, and inflammatory markers in a type 2 diabetic rat model.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 12 months, with an average weight of 390 grams (ranging between 380 and 400 grams, ±5 grams SD), were randomly divided into three groups of 10: healthy control, diabetic control (diabetic), and diabetic with exercise. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. The exercise group underwent a moderate-intensity treadmill running program for eight weeks, five sessions per week. Gene expression levels of AKT, FOXO3, Beclin-1, LC3, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the soleus muscle tissue were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Data analyzed by SPSS V.18 at significance less than 0.05.
Results: Significant differences in the expression levels of AKT, FOXO3, Beclin-1, LC3, TNF-α, and IL-1β among the groups (P=0.000). Gene expression levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic group compared to the healthy group (P=0.000). FOXO3 expression significantly increased in the diabetic group compared to the healthy group and significantly decreased in the exercise group compared to the diabetic group (P=0.000).
Conclusion: Aerobic training can improve muscle function and reduce cell atrophy in type 2 diabetes patients by affecting inflammatory and autophagy pathways, thus serving as an effective strategy for improving metabolic status and preventing cellular damage.

Keywords: Autophagy, Sarcopenia, Atrophy, Type 2 Diabetes, inflammation

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Type of Study: Research | Subject: Physical Education
Received: 2024/10/26 | Accepted: 2025/04/20 | Published: 2025/07/27

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Rabbani M H, Farzanegi P, Azarbayjani M A. Investigating the Effect of Aerobic training on the Gene Expression of AKT and FOXO in the Sarcopenia Signaling Pathway, Beclin-1 and LC3 Genes in the Autophagy Pathway, and Inflammatory Markers TNF-α and IL-1β in the Muscle Tissue Soleus of Rats with Type 2 Diabetes. J. Ilam Uni. Med. Sci. 2025; 33 (3) :82-96
URL: http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-8431-en.html

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