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Abstract Introduction: The present study aimed to assess the psycho-metric properties of psycho-social determinants of physical activity-related measures in Iranian teen-ager girls. Several measures of psychosocial determinants of physical activities were translated from English into Persian using the retranslation technique. These translated measures were administered to 512 of 9th and 10th grade Iranian high school students. Materials & methods: The scales included, the self-efficacy scale, the social support scale, the physical activity “pros & cons” scale, the change strategies scale and the environment scale. Cronbach’s alphas, mean inter–item correlations and test-retest coefficients showed that these solutions were reliable. Cronbach’s alphas estimates for the various scales were substantial to excellent (0.67-0.84), while test-retest reliability estimates were substantial (0.59-0.74) and mean inter- item correlation estimates were also fair to substantial (0.23-0.47). Conclusion: These preliminary results provide support for using the mentioned scales to measure psychosocial determinants of physical activities in Iranian female teen-agers.

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Introduction: Physical and bodily activities could affect the quality of life in children. In the present study, we decided to evaluate the relationship between the quality of life and the amount of physical activity in chil-dren. With the research, it is possible to ide-ntify the interventional points for the mana-gement of the problem. Materials & Methods: The present rese-arch, was a cross sectional survey. A rand-om sample of female students aged 8-12 years were entered to the study. Sampling method was multistage. Sample size was estimated 384 students. The generic of Iran-ian-version of pediatric quality of life inve-ntory (PedsQL 4.0) was used to measure HRQOL. In addition, some questions about the level and amount of activity were asked. Statistical methods that we used were T-test and ANOVA. Findings: Totally, 366 female students we-re selected for the study. The mean of age was 10.37 years (SD=1.13 years). Mean of total score of quality of life was 84.45 (SD=10.16) .The lowest mean of total score of quality of life was 82.23(SD=15.73) for emotional function and the highest mean of total score of quality of life was 88.47 (SD=13.99) for social function. Relatio-nship between social functioning score and video games was significant (P=0.03). Discussion & Conclusion: Because of the long time that students spend for video games, reduced quality of life especially in the social and other functional affairs was evident. Therefore, more attention should be dedicated to this problem. Furthermore, structured programs and educational appro-aches for their parents are also needed.

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Introduction: With increasing physical activity and energy expenditure based on various intensities and durations of exercise training in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals, the morbidity and complications of diabetes are decreased and hyperglycemia is desirably controlled. Is there a correlation between estimated maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and concentration of serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in active, sedentary and coronary artery disease (CAD) men? What is the possible range of the correlations? The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine and compare the correlations between VO2max and concentration of HbA1c. Materials & Methods: The participant subjects comprised of three groups of active, sedentary and CAD men (40-55years) who were randomly and voluntarily selected for the study. VO2 max was estimated based on non-exercise prediction equation. Fasting blood levels of HbA1c were measured by an enzymatic immunoassay method. Correlations between estimated VO2max and HbA1c were determined via Spearman rank correlation coefficients. The statistical tests, T-Fisher and Z-Fisher, were applied for signification and comparison of them at the significant level of p ≤ 0.05 . Findings: The amount of analyzed parameters were as follow: VO2max (active: 39.039 ± 2.563, sedentary: 32.647 ± 3.056 and CAD: 30.375 ± 4.275 mL.Kg-1.min-1 ), fasting blood HbA1c (active: 4.266 ± 0.365, sedentary: 4.733 ± 1.370 and CAD:5.253 ± 1.321 mg/dl). The correlation coefficient between VO2max and HbA1c was significant in CAD men (rs(13) = - 0.538٭ , p = 0.039) but were not significant in active ( rs(13) = - 0.291 , p = 0.292) and sedentary (rs(13) = - 0.338 , p = 0.217) men . Discussion & Conclusion: According to the above results, it could be concluded that the physical activity has no any desirable effect on HbA1c and HbA1c is resistant to exercise training .

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Introduction:Osteoporosis is a common disease in women with disabling conseq-uences that burdens a huge economical cost to the society. This study designed to eval-uate the prevalence of osteoporosis and its related factors in women referred to Fasa`s densitometry center. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectio-nal, analytical study, 430 women referred to the densitometry center of Fasa in 2012-13, were selected via a random sampling meth-od. Bone mass densitometry (BMD) at the lumbar spines (L1 to L4) and neck of femur through dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method. Data collection was acco-mplished through a questionnaire and interviewing with subjects that referred to the center. Results were assigned based on T score scale and the osteoporosis and ost-eopenia were detected based on WHO criteria. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and descriptive/analytical statistical tests. The significance level was considered P<0.05 in the study. Findings: Mean age of women was 56.4±8. 3 years. The overall prevalence rate of ost-eoporosis and osteopenia was 34.1% and 70%, respectively. Mean of T scores in femoral neck and lumbar spines were -1.78 ±1.22 and 1.54±1.04, respectively. 31% of the women had osteoporosis in femoral neck bone and 46.8% had osteopenia in the bone. The relationships of age, weight, consu-mption of calcium containing diets and regular physical activity with osteopo-rosis were significant.(P<0.001) Discussion & Conclusion: This study sho-wed a higher prevalence rate of osteoporo-sis in the women under study. Regular phy-sical activity and consumption of calcium containing diets such dairy foods is reco-mmended to reduce the prevalence of disease and its complications.

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Introduction: Hypertension is one of the chronic health problems across the world and raises significant global responsibility in developed and developing countries. The aim of this study was the survey of the effect of educational intervention on the nutrition, physical activity and stress management of patients with hypertension among the Rural Population of Aligoudarz County of Lorestan province.

Materials & methods: This study is of an interventional type which was conducted from November 2013 to June 2014 in the rural regions of Ghaman Sultan (30 people), Doozan (28 people) and Soor (28 people) in the city of Aligudarz in Lorestan Province in 2015 were selected by simple random sampling. Before the intervention, both groups completed the standard questionnaire of health promotion lifestyle profile (HPLP II) and two months after the treatment, both groups completed the same questionnaire. The results were analyzed using the SPSS software, t-test, and Chi- square.

Findings: The age mean and the standard deviation in both cases and control groups, were respectively 59.95 ± 7.9 and 64.51 ± 9.2 years old. The mean and the standard deviation for the three dimensions of physical activity, nutrition, and stress management before the educational intervention in the case group 16/09±4/5, 24/34±3/6, 19/34±3/8 and in the control group 16/04±4/6, 26/5±4/04, 20/02±4/1 and after the educational intervention in the case group increase to 24/76±6/5, 30/5±2/8, 25/7± 3/7 and in the control group increase to 21/48±4/8, 29/27±3/3 and 23/5±3/8. As well, the average scores for the three dimensions of physical activity, nutrition, and stress management after the educational intervention in the case group compared to the control group showed a significant increase (P<0/05).

Discussion & Conclusions: Given the relationship between dimensions of lifestyle including nutrition, physical activity and stress management and hypertension, it seems that implementing educational programs in the field of nutrition, physical activity, and stress are essential to the improvement of the knowledge and modification of the behavior among patients with hypertension.

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Introduction: Cancer cans appear in all persons and all groups of gender, age, family, tribe and also socio-economic groups with more than hundred malign tumors. All people have potentials to catch this disease and no one is an exception. The present study was performed to study the relationship between mental health and life quality of these patients.

Materials & methods: This study is a descriptive correlative one. In this research, 60 subjects of cancer patients were selected with achievable sampling method from Taleghani hospital of Ilam. The data were collected by questionnaire of general health and life quality including 36 questions and were analyzed by t-test and Anowa.

Findings: Findings show that there is a meaningful correlation between life quality and mental health, the range of physical performance is related to three ranges of anxiety, disorder in performance and depression. The mental quality from life quality is related to semi- physical signs from mental health. P<0/05).

Discussion & conclusions: The findings of the research indicate that the aspects of life quality in life of cancer patients are related to aspects of mental health, and cancer affects various aspects of the life.

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Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of physical inactivity in Iran, especially among women, this study was conducted to assess the effect of educational program based on BASNEF model on physical activity among working women in Hamadan university of Medical Sciences.
 
Materials & methods: This study was an experimental research in 2011 which was performed on 80 working women in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in two groups of intervention and control. Through a questionnaire based on BASNEF model components of this model were measured before and after intervention .The behaviors section was measured by means of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).The instruments were administrated in pre-test and post-test experimental design. Data were analyzed using SPSS16.
 
Findings: After intervention the mean scores of BASNEF components Included Knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors respectively (experimental group: before intervention: 62.50, 64.8, 46.6 and 77/25, One month after the intervention: 48.56, 81.86, 56.8 and 75.19, two month after the intervention: 94.17, 82.53, 69.2 and 74.85;) were significantly more in experimental group as comparing with control group (p<0.001) .The experimental group participation in regular physical activity was significantly greater than that of control group (p=0.003).
 
Discussion & conclusions: BASNEF model can effectively include health education models to improve and enhance the performance of women employed in regular physical activity is as per international standard.
 

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Introduction: The identification of individuals' physical activity levels and different dietary patterns can play a leading role in reducing the incidence of hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between physical activity level and dietary patterns with hypertension in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.
 
Materials & Methods: This descriptive study included 350 elderly women (mean age: 63.41±1.08 years, mean body weight: 85.33 ± 3.47 kg, mean height: 157.08±3.38 cm, and mean mass body index: 34.61±1.61 kg/m²) who participated in this study voluntarily. The metabolic syndrome was defined based on the International Federation of Diabetes. Data were collected using questionnaires, blood sampling, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure values. All of the variables were measured following the standards of the World Health Organization and the Adult Therapy Panel. Moreover, the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple linear regressions.
 
Findings: According to the results, there was a significant reverse correlation between high physical activity level and healthy dietary pattern with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05). The results also showed that healthy dietary patterns correlated significantly with moderate (P<0.015) and high (P<0.009) physical activity levels. Moreover, there was a reverse significant relationship between western dietary patterns and low physical activity (P<0.013).
 
Discussion & Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, an increase in physical activity levels and the adherence to healthy dietary patterns are effective in reducing hypertension.
 

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Introduction: Physical activity increases serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS); however, the effect of learning a skill using mental imagery in the PETTLEP model and comparing its effectiveness with physical activity in the levels of this factor has not been investigated so far. This study aimed to compare the learning of a skill through PETTLEP imagery and physical training. Moreover, it was attempted to investigate the effect of the combination of these two methods on BDNF levels and memory function in MS patients.
 
Materials & Methods: In total, 30 women with MS and a mean age of 37.5±3.02 years Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)=0-2 were included in this study. Based on Kim Karad visual memory test scores, they were divided into three homogeneous groups of 10 subjects per group. The groups included PETTLEP imagery, physical activity, and combined physical training and PETTLEP imagery. Before the intervention, visual memory was assessed using the Kim Karad visual memory test, and BDNF serum concentration by blood sampling method. The groups were subjected to three 30-min sessions weekly (for six weeks). After the intervention, the research variables were reevaluated at the posttest stage. Ethics code: IR.SSRC.REC.1397.012  
 
Findings: The result of one-way ANOVA showed that the combination of PETTLEP imagery exercises and physical training, compared to physical training and imagery alone, increased BDNF levels (P=0.026 and P≤0.0005, respectively). However, imagery training improved memory performance in the short term and long-term memory, compared to physical training (P=0.009 and P=0.034) or combined exercise (P≥0.05).
 
Discussions & Conclusions: Combination of physical training and imagery is effective in the rehabilitation of MS patients, and it can be used as a non-pharmacological method in this regard.

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Introduction: Introduction: The current cross-sectional study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between physical activity and the severity of the COVID-19 disease in hospitalized patients.
Material & Methods: The statistical sample of the study consisted of 295 people with COVID-19 who voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects included 104 critically ill patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) and 191 patients without severe complications not hospitalized in the ICU. Physical activity was assessed using the short form of the Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Evaluation of food intake was done using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of 147 items.
Findings: The results of this study showed an inverse and significant relationship between physical activity and weight items (P < 0.001) and body mass index (P < 0.001) of patients. Also, patients with more physical activity had significantly higher levels of venous oxygen (P = 0.001) and bicarbonate (P = 0.028). The results of this study after adjusting for possible confounding factors showed that in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the amount of physical activity is not related to the severity of the disease (P=0.098). Although subgroup analysis based on gender showed an inverse relationship between physical activity and disease severity in women with COVID-19 (P=0.010, CI: 0.040-0.479, OR: 0.045).
Discussion & Conclusion: It seems that proper physical activity has been able to play a decisive role in the prevention and management of women suffering from the severe form of the disease of COVID-19. More studies are needed in order to draw more precise conclusions in this field.