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Showing 13 results for Mouse
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Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2006)
Abstract
Abstract Introduction:Hyaluronan is an extremely long glycosaminoglycan, which at variance with other glycosaminoglycans, is released into the extracellular. Both proteoglycans and hyaluronan influence many aspects of cell behavior by multiple interactions with other molecules.They synthesis change significantly during ovarian follicular development.This study was aimed to recognize of the structure of hyaluronan named glycosaminoglycans and also its alteration in different parts of follicular development during ovarian cycle. Materials & Methods: In this study, 60 mice with race N-MARI (wt 25-30gr) were prepared from Razi Institute. After adaptation of mice to laboratory conditions and reaching the maturity age, They were used in this study. After appearance of pudenda, which indicate ovarian cycle, their ovaries, were removed and changes in hyaluronan were studied using histochemical methods. Using Alcian Blue staining, pH=3.2, the hyaluronan in prepared tissue blocks from ovarian was evaluated. Findings: The observed changes proved that expression of hyaluronan was increased during folliculogenesis up to preovulatory stage. Hyaluronan synthesis increased in zona pellucida, base membrane and inner teca cells during ovarian cycle but it decreased in follicular cells and follicular fluid after antral stage. Conclusion: It can be concluded that expression of hyaluronan is necessary for expansion of cumulus-oopherous complex during foliculogenesis and ovulation, and also for increase of sperm motility during fertilization.
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Volume 15, Issue 3 (10-2007)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a dangerous and poisonous gas of pollutant air in industrial countries. It is used to produce sulfuric acid and other industrial substances. Since many people are exposed to this gas daily, in this study, we examined the histopathologic effects of gas on the mouse liver in both acute and chronic exposures.
Materlals and Methods: 28 male mice were divided into 4 groups. Group1 (G1) as the control one (not exposed to gas), group2 (G2) which were exposed to high doses of sulfur dioxide (100 ppm( and group3 (G3)& group4 (G4)which were exposed to a low dose of sulfur dioxide for 5 minutes for 1 to 3 weeks(20 ppm). Finally, the mice were slaughtered. First, the livers were assessed macroscopically and then a biopsy on the livers was assessed microscopically. At last the data were analyzed statistically.
Findings: The results show that the mean number of Kupffer cells in G2, G3, and G4 significantly increased compared with the control group (9± 1.0, 10± 1.0, 11± 1.2 vs 7± 1.4: p<0.0001). Qualitative observations also show a significantly increase in the rate of liver cells necrosis and deformation of hepatic cords and sinusoids with an increase of inflammatory reactions in the experimental mice.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that the liver can be damaged by the chronic and acute exposure to sulfur dioxide.
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Volume 15, Issue 4 (1-2008)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of present study is to investigate the effects of ethanol on mouse salivary glands.
Materials & methods: Twenty healthy mice of about three-months old underwent this investigation. The adult mice were divided into two equal experimental and control groups. Diluted ethanol was injected twice daily in the morning and in the afternoon to the experimental group for three weeks, while the other group received normal saline at the same time. Salivary glands were removed after the elapsed period, then H and E stained specimens were prepared using different histologic procedures.
Findings: Light microscopic study of the prepared specimens from salivary glands of the experimental group indicated an aggregation of Hyalin globular granules in different sizes with negative pas staining reaction. These granules were located in lumen or inter cytoplasmic cell.
Conclusion: Ethanol metabolism takes place in liver and its product is of dysfunctional effects on different organs such as salivary glands and sublingual glands due to producing undetermined red granules.
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Volume 18, Issue 3 (10-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: The increase of social stress following the technological improvements appears to be an important factor that causes psychosomatic disorders and finally results in infertility. Since anxiety and depression are more prevalent in women than men, it seems the effect of stress can be observed more in female organs such as genital system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect, of stress on number and quality of flushed mice blastocysts. Materials & Methods: In our study, 50 mature female mice of the Swiss Albino species were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 as control group(low stress group) with 5 mice in a cage (3 cages), Group 2 (high stress group) with 10 mice in a cage (2 cages), and Group 3 (high stress group) with 15 mice in a cage (1 cage). Each group was kept in a special mouse cage for one month. After 1 month, the animals were induced to superovulate with i.p injections of 10 IU of PMSG and 10 IU of HCG given 48 h apart, and were mated with Swiss Albino male mice. Mice with positive vaginal plug were placed again as 5, 10 and 15 members in their cages. After 98 h post HCG injection, embryos, mostly at the blastocyst stage, were collected from the uteri of mated animals by flushing. The number of flushed blastocysts, and blastomers in each embryo in 3 groups were analyzed statistically. Findings: Our results showed that the mean number of flushed blastocysts in control low stress group (7.7±2.8) and high stress group (2.4±2.1) was significantly lower than control group (14.8± 3.4), and also the mean number of blastomers in low stress group and high stress group showed no significant difference in comparison to control group. (P=0.176) Discussion & Conclusion: It can be concluded that overcrowding could be considered an important factor in infertility by decreasing the number of flushed blastocysts in mice.
A Meyfour, N Ahmadi, F Maleki,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (2-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Brain (central nervous syst-em) is responsible to manage all biological process in living organisms, particularly mammalian. Since proteins play major roles in the biological cell activities, nowadays identification of brain proteins and deter-mination of their function is interesting subject for neurologists. Isoelectric Foc-using (IEF) technique is one of the prote-omic technologies to study brain proteins. This study was carried out to select the IPG strips with maximum resolution and to optimize IEF condition for the separation of mouse brain proteins.
Materials & Methods: After extraction of mouse brain proteins and determination of protein concentration by Bradford assay, Isoelectric Focusing was performed using IPG strips with three different pH gradients.
Findings: IPG strip with pH=3-10NL was able to separate more proteins with relati-vely high resolution in comparison with IPG strips with pH=3-10 and pH=4-7.
Discussion & Conclusion: Results were shown that more proteins can be separated using IPG strip with pH=3-10 NL and this strip has a high resolution rather than the other strips. Due to the complexity of brain, its function, and the extent of brain proteins, it is appropriate to resolve proteins by the method.
Javad Cheraghi, Maryam Kimyagar, Ali Asghar Pilevarian,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (9-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperlipidemia is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, and the use of synthetic drugs to reduce blood lipid levels is associated with many side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of alcoholic extract of borage on the levels of serum lipids compared to lovastatin in mice.
Materials & methods: In this study, 70 male mice with the weight range of 25-30 g were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group under normal diet, group with high cholesterol diet (containing 1% cholesterol or CH); the groups with high-cholesterol diet plus various concentrations of borage extracts; and the group with high cholesterol diet plus lovastatin. At the end, blood samples were taken from all animals, and the serum concentrations of blood lipids were determined by the spectrophotometric method.
Findings: The results showed that the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and TG of the groups treated with lovastatin and extract were significantly reduced compared to high cholesterol group (P<0/001). The serum levels of VLDL, the ratio of serum concentrations of HDL / LDL, and HDL / CHin the groups treated with the extracts were higher, compared to the group with high cholesterol diet group (P<0/001).
Discussion & Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the borage extract has been effective in the concentration of the blood lipid in hyperlipidemic mice. Probably borage extract with lipid lowering effect is benefitial in treatment or prevention of hyperlipidemia.
Dr Fatemeh Hashemi, Dr Siamak Kazemi-Darabadi, Dr Hamid Akbari, Dr Monireh Khordadmehr,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the post-surgical complications is contact dermatitis caused by several factors such as scrub solution, suture materials, bandages and even surgical gloves. Conventional treatment for this problem is the use of corticosteroids that may cause undesirable side-effects. Curcumin is the active component of turmeric that have known anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, its effects on experimentally induced contact dermatitis were investigated in this study.
Materials &Methods: Twenty male BALB/c mice were used in this study. The mice were equally divided into four groups. The negative control (NC), positive control (PC), and treatment (T) groups were sensitized by dinitrochlorobenzene painting on dorsum of the mice, followed by contact dermatitis induction on their ear. Curcumin and Betamethasone topical ointments were applied to the ear of the T and PC groups for a week, respectively. Contact dermatitis left untreated in the NC and sham (S) groups. Ear thickness was measured during the study. After completing the course of treatment, the mice were euthanized and ear specimens were fixed, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
Findings: Macroscopic evaluations revealed that contact dermatitis was induced in all of the NC, PC, and T groups successfully. Ear thickness differences in day 22 and 30 were significant (p<0.05). Histopathologic data analysis showed edema, inflammation, and epidermal thickness were significantly different in S group compared with NC. Inflammation was significantly different between S and PC groups, but edema and epidermal thickness have not such difference. Comparison of the T group with the S group showed that difference between edema is not significant, but inflammation and epidermal thickness are significantly different. Differences between T and NC groups showed the same results.
Discussion & Conclusion: Based on the results, we can conclude that topical application of curcumin ointment to the mice suffering from contact dermatitis may reduce inflammation, edema, and epidermal thickening, which is comparable to the effects of corticosteroid medications.
Golamreza Najafi, Ali Shalizar Jalali, Mahla Mohammadi,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (7-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used antineoplastic compound, is associated with testicular damage and infertility. This study was carried out to disclose the possible preventive effects of simvastatin (SIM), a lipid lowering agent with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, against testicular morphometric-stereological changes due to DOX treatment in mice.
Materials & methods: Male mice, five weeks old, were randomly divided into four groups of six mice each. The DOX was administered to two groups of mice in 5 equal intraperitoneal injections over a period of 4 weeks (4 mg/kg). One of these groups received 5 equal oral doses of SIM (12 mg/kg) along with DOX. A vehicle-treated control group and a SIM control group were also included. Morphometric measurement was determined using calibrated ocular micrometer.
Findings: Histomorphometrical examinations revealed significant reductions in the seminiferous tubules diameters and their epithelial heights along with an increase in testicular capsule thickness and interstitial space widening in DOX-treated mice. All above-mentioned parameters recovered significantly by SIM co-administration.
Discussion & conclusions: These results indicated that SIM may have a preventive role against morphometric-stereological changes caused by DOX in mouse testis.
Parisa Saghaie, Shapoor Hasan Zadeh, Hasan Malekinejad, Ali Shalizar Jalali,
Volume 25, Issue 5 (1-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Cyclophosphamide (CP) as a widely used chemotherapeutic agent causes several side effects including reproductive toxicities. The Objective of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of lactoferrin (LFN) with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties against CP-evoked reproductive toxicity in mouse.
Materials & methods: In this experimental study, 32 adult female NMRI mice were divided into 4 groups of 8. Cyclophosphamide was administered to two groups of mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg intraperitoneally on days 1 and 14. One of these groups received LFN at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg orally four hours after CP treatment. Vehicle-treated control group and LFN-only treated group were also included. In vitro fertilization was evaluated in all animals after 28 days.
Findings: Cyclophosphamide administration resulted in significant reduction in fertilization and blastulation rates. Co-administration of LFN with CP restored above-mentioned parameters toward normal values.
Discussion & conclusions: These findings indicate that LFN can have potential protective effects in CP-induced reprotoxicities.
Pari Nazari, Parichereh Yaghmai, Alireza Rangin, Naser Abbasi,
Volume 26, Issue 4 (11-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Smyrnium cordifolium is used in traditional medicine to treat anxiety, pain, insomnia and complications of drug addiction syndrome, which is one of the concerns of every community. The use of opioid drugs repeatedly causes physical dependence and tolerance. Dependence can be assessed by the symptoms of sudden withdrawal of the drug by administering a drug antagonist or both. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of hydroalcoholic extract of this plant on the disorders caused by the addiction withdrawal syndrome in comparison with clonidine.
Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 48 mice (25-30 gr) were used and divided into 6 groups of 8 and were addicted during seven days. Saline group: this group was nonmorphine-dependent and received normal saline with the equivalent dosage. Groups 2, 3 and 4 treated with S. cordifolium hydroalcoholic extract (SCE): these groups received morphine and SCE (100,200,300 mg/kg) as gavage. Group 5 (clonidine): This group of mice received morphine and clonidine (0.2 mg/kg). Group 6 (control): this group of mice received just morphine. In all the groups, signs of withdrawal syndrome were recorded on the seventh day 30 minute after naloxone injection. The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test at a significant level of P <0.05.
Findings: The results of this study showed that the effect of extract on the number of jumping in the SCE100 compared to the clonidine group decreased significantly (P<0.05) and SCE200 decreased significantly (P<0.01). In the SCE300 group, there was a significant decrease in this regard (P<0.001) compared to the clonidine group. Also, the effect of SCE on the maen number of rearing was ineffective in the SCE100 group, and SCE200 decreased significantly (P<0.05). In the SCE300 group, there was a significant decrease in this respect (P<0.01) compared to the clonidine group. The effect of extract on the number of teeth chatering in the SCE100 group decreased significantly compared to the clonidine group (P<0.05) and SCE200 decreased significantly (P<0.01). In the SCE300 group, there was a significant decrease in this level (P<0.001) compared to the clonidine group.
Discussion & Conclusions: Regarding the results of this study, SCE was capable of reducing the signs of opiate withdrawal in morphine-dependent mice. It is likely to modify the symptoms of the syndrome by activating opioid, gabanergic and serotonergic pathways. However, further studies are needed to determine the exact mechanism of the effect of SCE.
Ayoob Sabaghi, Ali Heyrani, Amir Kiani, Namdar Yousofvand,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (4-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Depression is one of the most important psychological disorders in people with epilepsy. However, the effect of seizure on depression during pregnancy has not been studied experimentally. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Seizure on depression in pregnant mice under treatment with pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Materials & Methods: After pregnancy stabilization in mice, one group was classified as the naive group. the rest of the kindled mice were assigned into three groups including: seizure induction group between the 14th and 19th days of pregnancy once in 48 hours, the sham group received normal saline equal to PTZ intraperitoneally on the 14th and 19th days of pregnancy once in 48 hours and the control group which consisted of pregnant mice kindled without injection during pregnancy. The rate of depression in pregnant mice was measured between 14th and 19th days of pregnancy once in 48 hours and two h after PTZ injection using Forced Swim Test.
Findings: The results showed that depression in PTZ-treated pregnant mice was significantly higher than in other groups; moreover, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Discussion & Conclusions: According to the obtained results, seizure in pregnancy results in the increase of drpression levels consequently, it is necessary to identify patients in order to prevent them from depression and therefore avoid negative effects of depression on offspring.
Hossein Azizi, Amirreza Niazi Tabar, Atiyeh Mohammadi,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (11-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Spermatogonial Stem Cells (SSC) are the originators and beginning points of the spermatogenesis process. Moreover, they are considered the only stem cells in the body that could transfer genetic information to the next generation through gametogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the potency and power of SSC under in vitro and in vivo conditions.
Materials & Methods: Enzymatic digestion technique was utilized to extract the spermatogonial cells of the pig and mouse's testis. They were then cultured in an environment containing FGF, EGF, GDNF, and a feeder layer of STO. For immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR analysis, Ki67, POU5F1, and ZBTB16 markers were used to evaluate the resulted colonies. Ethics code: Ir.ausmt.rec.1398.03.07
Findings: The nature of the SSC resulted after separation and culture was proved through measures, such as cluster growth of the colonies in the culture medium, Ki67 marker expression in the immunocytochemistry review which showed the duplication ability, and the morphological criteria observed by an electron microscope. Moreover, the comparative expression of POU5F1 and ZBTB16 markers in the embryonic stem cells, SSC, and Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules of the mouse was analyzed by RT-PCR.
Discussions & Conclusions: This experimental study investigated the expression of Ki67, POU5F1, and ZBTB16 in the seminiferous tubules and special cytological features of SCC. The findings are beneficial for future advanced studies in reproductive biology fields.
Gelavij Mahmoodi, Azam Moshfegh,
Volume 29, Issue 3 (8-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Oleuropein is the most important phenolic compound in olive leaves which has several pharmacological properties. So far, this compound has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atrogenic, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties. Scopolamine is a muscarinic antagonist used as standard medication for inducing cognitive deficits in humans and animals. This study was performed to investigate the effect of oleuropein on the function of passive avoidance memory, malondialdehyde level, and expression of GluN2B gene in the model of memory impairment caused by scopolamine.
Materials & Methods: In total, 35 male mice were randomly divided into five groups (n=7). The control group received normal saline, and the Sco (scopolamine) group received intraperitoneal scopolamine at a dose of 1 mg/kg for three weeks. The treatment groups received oleuropein in three doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. At the end of the shuttle box test, the brain tissues of the animals were removed for the determination of oxidative stress and molecular tests.
Findings: The results of our study showed that scopolamine significantly decreased memory and induced oxidative stress (P<0.05). On the other hand, oleuropein improved memory and learning and reduced oxidative damage (P<0.05). Oleuropein treatment reduced the elevated brain MDA levels in mice receiving scopolamine (P<0.05). Oleuropein at three doses used in this study did not significantly alter the expression of the GluN2B gene in the hippocampus (P>0.05).
Discussions & Conclusions: In general, the treatment of mice with oleuropein improved memory impairment due to dysfunction of the cholinergic system in the brain that may be due to the reduction in oxidative stress; moreover, it may be regarded as a method to manage neurological disorders in conditions of dementia.
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