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Abstract Introduction: Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Is one of the most common factors which causes pericarditis following suffering from lung tuberculosis. To diagnose pericarditis caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis , methods like PPD test, culture and staining of pericardial fluid , biopsy of pericardial tissue and PCR of pericardial fluid are used. In this study, level of specific sensitivity of PPD test for diagnosis of pericardial tuberculosis has been evaluated. Materials&Methods: 100 patients admitted at the academic hospitals of Shahid Behshti and Iman Khomaini medical universities underwent experimental observations for diagnosis of primary pericardial tuberculosis during 1981-4. First PPD test was done, then a sampling of pericardial fluid and biopsy of pericardial tissue were accomplished. The pericardial was used for fluid staining by Ziehl-Neelsen and culture on Leuin – Estein Jonson media. After fixation and H&E staining, the necessary studies continued to consider the cheesy granuloma and tuberculosis bacilli. Findings: In this study, out of the 100 selected patients, 40 cases were diagnosed as suffering from pericardial tuberculosis by laboratory tests, all the cases were complaining of tuberculosis symptoms. Culture of pericardial fluid in 18 patients (45%), and pericardial biopsy in 18 ones (45%), staining of pericardial fluid in 9 patients (22.5%) and tuberculin cutanous test in 30 patients (75%) proved positive, while false negative cutanous tuberculin test in 10 patients (25%) and false positive results in (45%) of patients were significantly were achieved

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Abstract Introduction: Vitamin D3 deficiency seems to be associated with the induction and development of patients infected with M tuberculosis to tuberculosis disease. Materials & methods: In this case- control study, 45 patients with tuberculosis beside another 45 people without any TB history were selected. All the patients and the control group were compared with each other for vitamin D3 level by RIA (radioimmunoassay) method. Then, results were analyzed by t-test and analyze & variance in spss11/1. Findings: The mean and SD of vitamin D3 level were (M=12.25, SD=9.98) and (M= 24.68, SD=19.22) (P=0(among patients and the control group, respectively. 39(86.66%) patients and 26(57.77%) control members had a vitamin D3 level of below 20ng/ml. 28(62.22%) patients had tuberculosis in warm seasons. (summer P=0/007)& (fall, P=0/02) & (winter, P=0/08). Conclusion: There was a significant association between previous vitamin D3 deficiency and tuberculosis. Further more, tuberculosis frequently occurred in warm seasons

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Abstract Introduction: Nowadays despite of socio-economic development of communities and controlling most of contagious diseases, Tuberculosis still is one of the most important causes of mortality and disability in developing countries. Regarding to importance and high incidence of TB in marginal provinces of Iran, the aim of this study was epidemiologic assessment of TB in Ilam province during 2005-2012. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive - analytical and Cross-sectional study, Documents of all patients diagnosed with TB in the beginning of April 2005 to the end of the September 2012 were used. Demographic variables and other requisite data were recorded. Obtained data were analyzed by spss-16 software. Findings: In this survey 361 TB patients were diagnosed. Of the total patients 42.4% were male and 52.6% lived in urban areas. Among these patients 76.7 % were pulmonary TB and 23.3% were non pulmonary TB. Among pulmonary TB suffering 76.1% had positive sputum smear .the most involved member of non pulmonary TB patients was lymph nodes with 6.9%. The time interval between the Beginning symptoms to diagnosis in 41% positive sputum smears was more than 2 moons. Discussion &Conclusion: Due to the high rates smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (76.1%) and also the time interval more than 2 moons between the Beginning symptoms to diagnosis (41%) to prevent further transmission of TB and its control, public education, preventative measures and early screening recommended.

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B.C.G vaccination seems to have several advantages however several complications can occur from which the most dangerous one is spread tuberculosis by vaccination that is a rare case affected by immune system deficiency. The purpose of the current article was to study a case of death alluded to vaccination in Ilam. Introducing patient: The case was an Iranian, four-month suckling girl who didn´t contact consumption. She was bedridden because of having ulcer in the area of B.C.G vaccination since 2 months ago .By the birth she had been vaccinated and showed symptoms of fever, restlessness and severe diarrhea. After two months, she got abdominal distension with petechia purpura and generalized lymphadenopathy caused her to be bedridden. In spite of being bedridden for a month and taking several antibiotics, she died and the final reported diagnosis was Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH0) for spread infection of B.C.G. Although it has been proved that B.C.G vaccination has a great role in prevention of lung-tuberculosis and meningitis, its dangerous complications are still cases of concern (in children with immune deficiency) and spread infection that can cause death, is one of them. So It´s recommended that experts should be sure about family background of immunity deficiency in children from the first moments after birth, then vaccinate them.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis is an acute or chronic necrotizing infection which involves various organs of the body especially the lungs. Identifying the determinants of outcome in these patients is important; therefore, this study was conducted to study the relationship between the degree of sputum smear -positive patients on treatment outcome.

Materials & methods: This study was done on 465 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with smear-positive during the years of 2005 to 2013 and they were identified in Hamadan province. By using descriptive statistics the distribution of status of sputum positive at the beginning of treatment was determined. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between sputum smear status of patients and treatment outcome. Data were analyzed using Stata vol 12.

Findings: As total of 465 patients, 51.61% were male and 59.14% of them were living in urban areas. 41.94 % of patients with sputum smear 3+ were identified at the beginning of treatment. 10.32 % of patients eventually died and at 4.3 % of them had treatment failure. Relation between basil level at the beginning of treatment with a therapeutic relationship was relatively significant (P = 0.06).

Discussion & Conclusions: There is relation between level of basil at beginning of treatment and treatment outcome. So that the improvement rate in low- Basil in sputum smear is higher and on the other hand death and treatment failure is higher in high basil in sputum smear patients.