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Introduction: Nowadays, despite a different application of nanomaterials, there is a little information about their impact on human health. The current study deals with the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluation of their cytotoxicity activity on human colon cancer (HT29) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell lines.

Materials & methods: The AgNPs was obtained from plant extract as a reducing and capping agent under green synthesis method. The AgNPs was confirmed by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cytotoxicity effect of AgNPs on cell lines was evaluated by using MTT assay after 24 hours.

Findings: The fabricated AgNPs were monitored characteristic surface Plasmon resonance peak at around 430nm. The morphological study on size and shape of AgNPs demonstrated that the particles were of spherical shape with varying sizes ranging from 10 to 30 nm. MTT assay revealed a dose-dependent anti-proliferative effect of AgNPs. At 100mg/mL of synthesized AgNPs treated for 24 hours, the viability of HT29 and HEK293 cells was reduced to 18.55±1.02 (P<0.001), and 44.40±0.81 (P<0.01), respectively.

Discussion & conclusions: Based on the current results, the green synthesized AgNPs show more inhibitory effect on colon cancer cells than the normal cells.

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Introduction: Recently, much attention has been paid to the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) due to their eco-friendly, cost-effective, and easily applied nature. This study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs using Eriobotrya Japonica seed aqueous extract. Moreover, it was attempted to evaluate their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
 
Materials & Methods: Initially, the Eriobotrya Japonica seed aqueous extract was prepared, and the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured in this study. After the preparation of ZnO NPs by the extract, the antioxidant activity of ZnO NPs was evaluated using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. In addition, the antibacterial activities of the extract and NPs were determined using a disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive bacteria and Escherichia coli gram-negative bacteria. Ethics code:  Ir.ausmt.rec.1398.11.33
 
 
Findings: The results showed that aqueous extract had a specific amount of phenolic and flavonoids (9.86 mg/g and 27 mg/g dry weight of extract, respectively). Moreover, the synthesized ZnO NPs were <30 nm in diameter with a good absorption rate at 349 nm. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the extract and NPs indicated an increase in the antioxidant activity following an increase in the concentration. Furthermore, the anti-bactericidal activity results demonstrated an appropriate antibacterial activity against S. aureus, whereas the aqueous extract had no antibacterial activities.
 
Discussions & Conclusions: The findings revealed that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs had appropriate antioxidant and bactericidal activities. This suggests that the NPs can be used in various sectors, such as cosmetic products and food packaging, as a potential alternative to synthetic antibiotics.
 

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Introduction: The use of plants is one of the most effective methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles based on green chemistry. The magnetic properties of nanoparticles let the attached drugs conduct by a magnetic field in the body. This study aimed to use the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized via green chemistry as a carrier for the chloramphenicol drug delivery system.
 
Materials & Methods: Extraction of Echinops Persicus was performed at 60°C by water solvent. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using plant extract as a reducing agent. The synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analyzer (PSA), and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The antibacterial activity of coated nanoparticles was also investigated in this study.
 
Findings: The results of the XRD showed the cubic shape of iron oxide nanoparticles. The mean size of the nanoparticles was determined to be in the range of 16-56 nm. The coating of chloramphenicol on iron oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, FT-IR confirmed the functionalization of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with chloramphenicol. The magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with chloramphenicol showed good antibacterial activity against infectious Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activity and the diameter of the growth inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus (11.25±0.35) and Escherichia coli (9.5±0.17) were determined at a concentration of 100 μg/ml.
 
Discussions & Conclusions: According to the results of this study, the coating of Iron oxide nanoparticles with chloramphenicol antibiotics increased the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles and confirmed the appropriateness of the loading method of chloramphenicol antibiotics.
 

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Introduction: The unique properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) produced using plant extract make them attractive for use in medical and industrial applications. Bunium persicum from the Apiaceae family is native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and some Central Asian countries, which is locally known as "Kermanin Black Cumin" in Iran. In this study, Ag-NPs were synthesized using methanol extract of B. persicum as the regenerating and stabilizing agent for the first time and were followed by the characterization and evaluation of its biological potency.
Material & Methods: Synthesis of Ag-NPs was conducted using the B. persicum extract. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy was used to detect the presence of nanoparticles. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was also employed to visualize the surface morphology, shape, and size distribution of nanoparticles. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) is very sensitive to the chemical surface of nanoparticles and was utilized to identify functional groups in the nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines and antileishmanial activities were investigated using MTT assay, and the well diffusion method was used to detect the antibacterial property of the synthesized nanoparticles.
Findings: UV-VIS spectrum exhibits an absorption band at around 400-450 nm suggesting the formation of biological Ag-NPs. The size and morphological properties of nanoparticles were assessed by SEM which showed that particles have spherical shapes with a diameter of about 20-70 nm. Ag-NPs showed cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma cancer cell line A-172 (IC50:7.2 µg/ml) and breast cancer cell line MCF-7 (IC50:7.6 µg/ml) after 48 h treatment. Ag-NPs presented antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The present study confirmed good antileishmanial activity against the promastigote and amastigote stages of Leishmania major. The IC50 values of Ag-NPs and Glucantime® were 73.89 and 16.17μg/mL for promastigote, as well as 171.02 and 398.21 μg/mL for amastigotes assays, respectively.
Discussion & Conclusion: The extract of B. persicum has the ability to reduce Ag+ ions to Ag nanoparticles. Moreover, the fabricated Ag-NPs have good cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and antileishmanial activities.