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Introduction: Urbanization and industrial activities have heavily caused air pollution in cities that make a serious threat for people‘s health. So, awareness of air quality over time periods and also the trend of air pollution changes in locations may have an important role in urban health management and land use policy-making. Materials & Methods: The data utilized in the present study included all concentr-ations of CO that were recorded by poll-ution measurement stations of Tehran city in 2011. Idicator kriging, autologistic and centered autologistic models were used to analyze these data. Arc Gis and R softw-ares were used to process these models. Findings: The predictions that were made by these methods showed that eastern, northern and central parts of Tehran city were more polluted than other zones. Among the methods used in this project, centered autologistic model was more precise than indicator kriging method and autologistic model. Discusion & Conclusion: The centered au-tologistic model is recommended to analyse spatial binary data. Because it provided a more precies prediction than indicator kriging method by considering the effects of explanatory variables. On the other hand, it eliminates the biases in fitted vlues of autologistic model.

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Introduction: Air pollution is defined as the pr-esence of one or more pollutants in outdoor air that put risk to human, animal and plant health. Given that the knowledge of people regarding air pollution would be effective to promote the environmental health related plans by pract-itioners, therefore the current study aimed to determine the knowledge of Kashan’s people about air pollution and its effects, sources and controlling method. Materials & Methods: The current study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was perf-ormed through systematic random sampling on 400 people living in Kashan city. A researcher made questionnaire was used after determining the validity and reliability. The questionnaire contained demographic questions for know-ledge of air pollution and its effects, sources and control methods. Knowledge scores were graded as 0-50% for weak, 50-75% for interm-ediate and 75-100% for good scores. Data were collected from the questionnaires as well as from face to face interviewing and were anal-yzed using descriptive statistics. Findings: Of participants, 26 people (65%) ag-ed 20-40 years, 232(58%) married and 264(66%) had diploma degree. 349(87.4%) had knowledge regarding sources, 365(91.4%) reg-arding effects and 386(96.5%) regarding the controlling method of air pollution. Totally, 376 people (91.75%) had knowledge of air pollution and the least knowledge was pertained to textile industry [260 (65%)]. Discussion & Conclusion: The knowledge of air pollution and its source, effects and contr-olling method was good in Kashan city. The current study recommends more educational programs regarding the pollutants of textile, and similar studies in other cities, and among different groups of people.

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Introduction: Exposure to pollution due to bioaerosols almost is an inescapable feature of urban living throughout the world. Contact with ambient microorganisms with a wide range of harmful effects on health. Air microbes can cause respiratory infections in patients with immune deficiency and are responsible for communicable diseases. The main objective of this study was to measurement of Actinomycets concentration and impact of environmental parameters on concentration of actinomycetes in normal and dusty conditions and in Ahvaz city.

Materials & methods: In this descriptive- cross-sectional study, The air sampling was performed by Air trapping method from the level of respiratory (height 5.1 meters) by the quick take 30 system with a flow rate of 14.3 L/min within 5 and 15 minutes at different stations during the summer, fall and winter in Ahvaz for 9 months (183 samples in total). Sampling was performed at normal conditions in two times per day: morning (9–12) and afternoon (14:00–17:00) and for dusty condition (morning, noon and afternoon). Colonies grown on a nutrient medium (TSA) was counted by using direct method and colony counter and was expressed in terms of colony forming units per cubic meter (CFU m-3). The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS and Excel software.

Findings: The number of colonies of actinomycetes in dusty days was 2.5 times than normal days (1.66 times). Winter was more polluted in the case of actinomycets concentration. There was a significant association between particle concentration with the number of colonies formed in cubic meter of air and there was a negative relationship between actinomycets concentration and ambient temperature, while a positive association was observed between wind speed, PM2.5, PM10 with actinomycets concentration.

Discussion & Conclusion: whatever environment has more population density and traffic, and low vegetation, the concentration of bacteria and actinomycets in environment is high.

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Introduction: Air pollution is the main factor and modulation of cardiovascular diseases in urban societies. The potentially harmful effects of acute and chronic air pollution exposure have serious consequences on disease and mortality. This study amid to investigate the correlation between cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters of perimenopausal women during an exhaustive activity in air polluted and non-air polluted environments.
 
Materials & Methods: This semi-experimental study randomly investigated 60 women (age range: 46.62 years; body mass index: 28.57±3.85) at the perimenopausal stage who were living in an air polluted environment (n=30 in the experimental group) and non-air polluted environment (n=30 in the control group). Furthermore, different cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters were evaluated before and after the Bruce test as an exhaustive activity.
Ethics code: Ir.umz.rec.1397.019
 
Findings: There is a direct correlation between myocardial oxygen consumption and maximal oxygen consumption (P<0.05) during an exhaustive activity in the air polluted environment. Moreover, the independent t-test showed that air pollution significantly affected the pulse of oxygen (P<0.05).
 
Discussions & Conclusions: The findings of this study have shown the air pollution effects on cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters, particularly myocardial oxygen consumption. In addition, it was found that air pollution exposure and performing an exhaustive activity in such environments would increase the cardio workload and the myocardial oxygen consumption.