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Introduction: Family planning is the most effective strategy in reducing the world population. Family planning was replaced by reproductive health since 1994 and the role of men is one of the most important aspects of this program. Therefore, determination of men's knowledge in family planning and the role of education in enhancing the awareness are important. This study has been performed to determine the impact of education on knowledge and performance of the married men's contribution to family planning. Materials & Methods: During the investigation, 500 married men working at hospitals and health centers of Ilam were studied by use of easy sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Analyzing the data was performed by SPSS software and Paired t-test, x2 and Fisher. Findings: It was shown that mean of score about men's knowledge of family planning before the education was statistically different from that of after the education. A signficant difference was seen between the men's age, education, job and their wives. Before the education, the most frequent method of contraception was pills usage, (53.9%) and the lowest frequencies were IUD and DMPA (0%). After the education, pills continued to be the most frequent method of contraception (28/4%) and DMPA (0/8 %) as the rarest.

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Background & Objective: Health promoting activities and a healthy lifestyle are major strategies to preserve health. Regarding the importance of health in young people, health promotion in society a, this study was designed to Study of Health-promotion behaviors and Life Style among students of Dezful universities Materials & Methods: This study was a cross-sectional-descriptive survey assessing health-promoting lifestyle among students of Dezful universities. A total number of 440 students were recruited in this study using a randomly sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire (demographic questions, Health-promotion behaviors including physical, social and emotional functions). Obtained data analyzed by SPSS software in two categories of descriptive and inferential statistics (T test, ANOVA). Results: Age range of participants was 22/78. In addition, 51/1 % of the subjects were BS, 33/7 resident in dormitory, 17% married, 11/3 % of the students had a week Life Style, 54/3% moderate and 34/3% good. Statistical significant association was seen between Life Style and mother job, physical function, Restrictions of Role Playing in Condition of emotional problems and bodily pain (p<0/05). Conclusion: The results reveal that the life style of more than half of the students is week and moderate and students have lower physical and emotional function, thus need designing programs for improving university student's Health-promotion behaviors.

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Introduction: In order to planning and promoting the position in research field, we need to monitor the scientific production trend. This study aimed to assess the scientific productions of Paramedical Sciences School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Scopus and ISI databases during 2009 to mid-2012 . Materials & Methods: Through a descriptive study, all the faculty members of Paramedical School were assessed in terms of scientific productions and H-index in Scopus and ISI databases from 2009 to mid-2012. Data were analyzed and presented as the number of total articles and citations during 3.5 years ago separating by year and the H-indices in Scopus and ISI databases. Total articles were compared between the educational depart-ments using analysis of variance. Findings: Means (Standard Deviation) of total articles in Scopus during 2009-2011 were as 0.4 (0.9), 0.6 (1.3) and 0.7 (1.6) per faculty member, respectively. This figures were as 0.2 (1), 0.4 (1.2) and 0.5 (1.2) in ISI database. Mean of H-index in Scopus were 0.9 (1.5) and in ISI was 0.7 (1.3). Total articles of the departments had no statistically significant difference. Discussion & Conclusion: Scientific prod-uctions and citations had an increasing trend in Scopus and ISI during the last 3 years but were less than the average of university.

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Introduction: Increasing resistance to anti-microbial agents in bacteria is a major problem around the world. So, our kno-wledge about the bacterial strains status causing urinary tract infection and their resistance against common antibiotics is an important issue in treatment. The aim of this study was to indentify the bacteria causing urinary tract infections and to determine their antibiotic resistance in ad-ults hospitalized and referred to the Farshc-hian hospital in Hamadan in 2011. Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 214 individuals hospitalized in or referred to the Farshchian hospital in 2011. Morphological evaluation and identification of the isolated bacteria were performed by Gram staining and biochemical tests. Antibiotic suscept-ibility tests were done with cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, nitr-ofurantoin, tobramycin, amoxicillin, oflo-xacin and ciprofloxacin disks and the Kirby-Bauer method. Findings: Of 141 patients, 54.2% and 45.7% were female and male, respectively. The most common causes of infection were Escherichia coli (%61), Enterobacter spp. (%10.7), staphylococcus saprophyticus (%8.5), Pesudomonas aeruginosa (%7.9) and Proteus spp.(%7.1). In total, regardless of the type of bacteria, the highest resis-tance was against amoxicillin and the low-est resistance was against nalidixic acid. Escherichia coli as the most common cause of urinary tract infection and had the same pattern of infection in both sexes. Discussion & Conclusion: According to our study, E. coli was the most common cause of urinary tract infection and the strain had the highest and lowest resistances against amoxicillin and nalidixic acid, respectively.

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Introduction: More than 60% of the office staff in developing countries complain about physical discomfort that many of the discomforts associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among developing countries, according to the type and duration of work with computers, between 15 to 70% has been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders in computer users and determination of correlation between the results of CMDQ, RULA and ROSA methods.
 Materials & methods: Participants were 71 office users that were selected using systematic random sampling. The method used in this correlation study was using CMDQ questionnaire and evaluation of those methods.
 Findings: According to the final results of the RULA 46% of participants were in risk level 3 and 4 (ergonomic intervention) and results of the ROSA 21% as low risk, 48% as medium risk and 31% were at high risk. Also there is a significant relationship between the risk level of two method results (p<0.05).
Discussion & Conclusion: Two evaluation methods have a high correlation to estimated risk levels of musculoskeletal disorders and they can be used as an alternative method to assessment of ergonomic risk of office environments.

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Introduction: Infertility can impose numerous psychological consequences on infertile patients. One of these consequences is reduction of psychological well-being. Therefore, the development of capabilities such as resilience to deal with the consequences or prevent them can be helpful. So, the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of resilience training on increasing well-being of infertile women.

Material & methods: The method of this study was a semi experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the present research comprised infertile women referred to Infertility Centers and gynecologists' private offices in Tehran.in 2013  22 infertile women selected by using of available sampling method and randomly assigned in two experimental and control groups (each group: 11 persons). The experimental group received resilience education for 12 weekly sessions. Data were gathered by using Reef wellbeing questionnaires. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 16 and presented with covariance (ANCOVA) test .Alpha level less than .05 was considered significance (p<0.05).

     

Findings: The results showed that resilience training was effective in increasing psychological of well-being (p<0.001) and its components including Self-acceptance (p<0.001), Positive relations with other (p<0.001), Autonomy (p<0.01), Mastery on environment (p<0.031), Purpose and direction in life (p<0.001) and Personal growth (p<0.021)

Discussion & Conclusion: Due to the Effect of resilience training on Psychological well being in infertile women, we can benefit this method as a complementary therapy beside medical treatments and therefore use it to increase psychological health in these patients. 

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Introduction: Due to the increasing prevalence of patients with hypertension in Iran and the world as well as the adverse impact of this disease on quality of life, there is an urgent need to develop effective and empirically supported psychological interventions in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on blood pressure and the quality of life in women with hypertension.

Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was of pretest-posttest control group design which included a total of 30 women with hyprtension. After initial clinical assessment, the patients who met the inclusion criteria were assigned into two groups of compassion-focused and control group (n=15) using non-probability sampling. In addition to medical treatment, the experimental group received 8 sessions of compassion-focused health care. However, the control group received only medication. The data were collected using a sphygmomanometer (digital type) and the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire. In addition, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was utilized in order to analyze the data.
Findings: The results showed the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on lowering systolic hypertension and the quality of life in women who referred to the health centers. In other words, compassion-focused therapy reduced systolic blood pressure (0.018) and increased the quality of life (P<0.001) of patients with hypertension. However, compassion-focused therapy had no effect on reducing diastolic blood pressure (0.073).

Discussion & Conclusions: Hypertension affects quality of life of many women, and it is regarded one of the main causes of heart disease and stroke in this population unless it is treated. Blood pressure associated with vascular aging is expected to be a dominant phenotype in many countries, especially in Asia. The influence of compassion-focused therapy in reducing systolic blood pressure and increaseing the quality of life of patients with hypertension have practical implications for clinicians and health care providers working in health centers. 

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Introduction: The results of studies on the biological effects of ionizing radiation can play an important role in reducing the risk of occupational hazards of personnel working at the radiological departments of the hospital. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of aluminum, manganese, and selenium in the blood serum of operating room staff and their association with occupational radiation exposure.
 
Materials & Methods: In total, 100 healthy operating room staff was selected using systematic random sampling. They were then divided into three groups of radiation workers, non-radiation worker, and test (those who were exposed to X-rays but did not wear film badges). Subsequently, two milliliters of peripheral blood were taken intravenously from volunteers and centrifuged to separate serum. The concentration of three elements was read by the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. The analysis of variance was used to analyze the concentration of aluminum, manganese, and selenium in all groups. Moreover, the fitting curve of the occupational exposure was described using the R software. Ethics code: ir.kums.rec.1397.467
  
Findings: The normality of the data was assessed and confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Moreover, the concentration values (ng/ml) of aluminum, manganese, and selenium were 8.62, 9.08, and 76.15, as well as 13.53, 12.14, and 140.97 in the non- and radiation worker groups, respectively. The difference between the two groups was significant for all three elements (P<0.001). Furthermore, the corresponding values for aluminum, manganese, and selenium were 9.54, 8.76, and 105 in the test group.
 
Discussions & Conclusions: Occupational radiation can increase the concentration of manganese, aluminum, and selenium in the blood serum. These results suggest the necessity for more investigations on operating room personnel who do not wear film-badges.

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Introduction: This study aimed to explain the causal model of marital boredom based on emotional and social maturity among married people in Shiraz, Iran.
Material & Methods:  This descriptive and correlational study was conducted on 362 married people (270 women and 92 men) married for 10 years and were selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected using the Paynes' Marital Boredom Self-Report Scale (1996), Yashvir and Bhargava's Emotional Maturity Scale (EMS) (1991), and Rao's Social Maturity Scale (RSMS) (1973). In addition to descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and correlation matrix), inferential statistics (structural equation model) were used to analyze the data of the aforementioned scales collected from the sample population by AMOS software.
(Ethic Code: ETHICS-2107-1014)
Findings: The results showed that emotional maturity predicts marital boredom negatively and significantly (P<0.01, β= -0.69); however, social maturity is not a significant predictor of marital boredom (P<0.01, β= -0.09). After calculating the model by considering the output correction indicators of AMOS software, this model was modified and fitted with eight indicators. In general, the results of this analysis confirmed a good model fit.
Discussion & Conclusion: The causal model showed that emotional maturity is able to predict marital boredom negatively and significantly. However, social maturity is not a significant predictor of marital boredom.