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Introduction: Schizophrenia is a compli-cated, debilitative mental disorder. Evide-nce is emerging for the association of pol-ymorphisms in PRODH gene and the increased risk of schizophrenia. In the pres-ent research we investigated the relation-nship between this gene and schizophrenia disease by means of a gene polymorphism using PCR-RFLP technique. Materials & Methods: Blood samples were prepared from 150 persons suffering from acute Schizophrenia and 160 healthy per-sons volunteering for this project. Based on intended SNP, a pair of primers was design-ned by Oligo7 program and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on a thermocycler set. Then the PCR product was treated by appropriate restriction enzymes. Finally, the fragments of digested PCR product were electrophoresed on the gel agarose (4%) and migration pattern of resulted components were compared in he-althy and patient subjects, whereby obtain-ing genotypes of different persons in po-lymorphic position. We utilized SPSS 16.0 program for statistical investigation of the work and studied SNP 1945T>C and its relation with the disease in statistical population. Findings: The findings of the research sho-wed a meaningful relation between the occ-urrence of this nucleotide mutation and its frequency in patients.(P=0.001) Discussion & Conclusion: Final results of this work indicated that PRODH gene can be considered to be a significant candidate in the population under study as a factor influencing the occurrence of Schizoph-renia.