Synthesis and evaluation of the cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of taurine / glucosamine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets for doxorubicin drug delivery

Hosseini , Seyyed Mostafa; Miralinaghi , Parisa; Miralinaghi, Mahsasadat; Madanchi, Hamid

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Volume 33, Issue 5 (11-2025)

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2025, 33(5): 131-145

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Synthesis and evaluation of the cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of taurine / glucosamine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets for doxorubicin drug delivery

Seyyed Mostafa Hosseini¹

, Parisa Miralinaghi¹

, Mahsasadat Miralinaghi²

, Hamid Madanchi ^*³

1- Dept of Pharmacy, Da.C., Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
2- Dept of Chemistry, VaP.C., Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
3- Dept of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran

Abstract: (31 Views)

Introduction: The most difficult part of treating cancer is dealing with the side effects of chemotherapy drugs, which are caused by their systemic toxicity. Targeted and biocompatible drug delivery systems mitigate these adverse effects by delivering drugs directly to tumor cells. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets functionalized with taurine (Tau) and glucosamine (Glu) as a prospective nanocarrier for the drug doxorubicin (DOX).
Materials & Methods: This study modified the surface of GO with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Tau, and Glu to improve biocompatibility and targeting capability. We employed TEM imaging, EDX analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy to characterize the synthesized nanomaterial (Fe₃O₄@CGO-Tau/Glu Its biocompatibility was assessed via an MTT cytotoxicity assay on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and a hemolysis assay on red blood cells. Statistical analysis was conducted in SPSS V.18 utilizing one-way ANOVA; p < 0.05 was regarded as significant.
Results: TEM images and EDX analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of Fe₃O₄@CGO-Tau/Glu the FTIR spectra revealed the physical interactions occurring between DOX and the nanomaterial. FTIR spectra showed that DOX and the nanomaterial worked well together. The viability of HDF cells subjected to Fe₃O₄@CGO-Tau/Glu at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL was 90.67%. The hemolytic activity of the nanomaterial at the same concentration was also measured at 4.72%.
Conclusion: The Fe₃O₄@CGO-Tau/Glu nanomaterial showed little cytotoxicity towards HDF cells and did not inflict considerable harm on red blood cells. Functionalizing graphene oxide nanosheets with Tau and Glu produced a nanocarrier exhibiting favorable biocompatibility and potential targeting efficacy for cancer cells in the delivery of DOX. This nanomaterial may enhance safety in cancer therapy.

Keywords: Graphene oxide, Doxorubicin, Nanocarrier, Cancer, Drug delivery

Full-Text [PDF 1203 kb] (20 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: General
Received: 2025/05/17 | Accepted: 2025/10/5 | Published: 2025/11/26

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Hosseini S M, Miralinaghi P, Miralinaghi M, Madanchi H. Synthesis and evaluation of the cytotoxic and hemolytic effects of taurine / glucosamine-functionalized graphene oxide nanosheets for doxorubicin drug delivery. J. Ilam Uni. Med. Sci. 2025; 33 (5) :131-145
URL: http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-8628-en.html

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