Comparison of non-alcoholic fatty liver in diet-controlled celiac patients with non-celiac individuals using ultrasound in Ilam city in 2021

Shahbazi, Shaahin; Khosravani, Mohammad-Erfan; Vahdat Shariatpanahi, Zahra

[Home ] [Archive]

[ فارسی ]

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences

Main Menu

Home

Journal Information

Articles archive

Publication Ethics

Peer Review Process

Indexing Databases

For Authors

For Reviewers

Subscription

Contact us

Site Facilities

Google Scholar Metrics

Search in website

Receive site information

Registered in

Volume 33, Issue 4 (9-2025)

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2025, 33(4): 106-115

Back to browse issues page

Comparison of non-alcoholic fatty liver in diet-controlled celiac patients with non-celiac individuals using ultrasound in Ilam city in 2021

Shaahin Shahbazi¹

, Mohammad-Erfan Khosravani¹

, Zahra Vahdat Shariatpanahi ^*²

1- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
2- Dept of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , nutritiondata@yahoo.com

Abstract: (20 Views)

Introduction: Recent cross-sectional studies have shown that the risk of fatty liver in celiac patients is increasing due to a gluten-free diet. In this cross-sectional study, the prevalence of fatty liver in celiac patients and its comparison with healthy subjects in the community using diagnostic ultrasound were investigated.
Materials & Methods: A study was conducted at Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Iran, involving 100 patients with celiac and control conditions. The celiac group had to have a gluten-free diet for at least 6 months, undergo biochemical tests less than 2 months before, and follow a gluten-free diet. The control group included outpatients evaluated during the same period. Both groups underwent abdominal ultrasounds. Quantitative and qualitative variables were compared using independent t-tests and chi-square tests at a significance level less than 0.05.
Results: The baseline characteristics of the two groups were the same. The prevalence of fatty liver was 38% and 52% in the celiac and control groups, respectively (p=0.04). In the age group ≥19 years, the prevalence of fatty liver in the control group (36.7%) was significantly higher than that in the celiac group (31.1%) (p=0.04). The prevalence of high BMI in the celiac and normal groups was 38% and 52%, respectively (p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of fatty liver based on normal or high BMI.
Conclusion: The prevalence of fatty liver was high in both the celiac and control groups, and this prevalence was significantly higher in the control group than in the celiac group.

Keywords: Gluten, Fatty Liver, Celiac, Diet, Obesity

Full-Text [PDF 685 kb] (10 Downloads)

Type of Study: Research | Subject: susteenance
Received: 2025/04/19 | Accepted: 2025/07/12 | Published: 2025/09/27

References

1. Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, et al. The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms. Gut. 2013; 62:43-52. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301346.

2. Reilly NR, Aguilar K, Hassid BG, et al. Celiac disease in normal-weight and overweight children: clinical features and growth outcomes following a gluten-free diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2011;53: 528-31. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3182276d5e.

3. Valletta E, Fornaro M, Cipolli M, Conte S, Bissolo F, Danchielli C. Celiac disease and obesity: need for nutritional follow-up after diagnosis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010; 64:1371-2. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.161.

4. Norsa L, Shamir R, Zevit N, et al. cardiovascular disease risk factor profiles in children with celiac disease on gluten-free diets. World J Gastroenterol. 2013; 19:5658-64. doi:10.3748/wjg. v19.i34.5658.

5. Reilly NR, Lebwohl B, Hultcrantz R, Green PH, Ludvigsson JF. Increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after diagnosis of celiac disease. J Hepatol. 2015; 62:1405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.01.013.

6. Tovoli F, Negrini G, Farì R, et al. Increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet: beyond traditional metabolic factors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2018; 48:538-46. doi:10.1111/apt.14910.

7. Reilly NR, Lebwohl B, Hultcrantz R, Green PH, Ludvigsson JF. Increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after diagnosis of celiac disease. J Hepatol. 2015; 62:1405-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.01.013.

8. Adibi A, Kelishadi R, Beihaghi A, Salehi H, Talaei M. Sonographic fatty liver in overweight and obese children, a cross-sectional study in Isfahan. Endokrynol Pol. 2009; 60:14-19.

9. Namakin K, Hosseini M, Zardast M, Mohammadifard M. Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and its Clinical Characteristics in Overweight and Obese Children in the South East of Iran, 2017. Hepat Mon. 2018; 18: e83525. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.83525.

10. Hassanipour S, Amini-Salehi E, Joukar F, Khosousi MJ, Pourtaghi F, Ansar MM, et al. The Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Children and Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2023; 52:1600-12. doi: 10.18502/ijph. v52i8.13399.

11. Tabaeian AP, Behzadifar M, Rezapour A, Azari S, Behzadifar M. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Iranians aged 6 to 18 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Yafte. 2023; 25:59-70. doi: 10.32592/Yafteh.2023.25.1.6.

12. Hill ID, Dirks MH, Liptak GS, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of celiac disease in children: recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005; 40:1-19. doi:10.1097/00005176-200501000-00001.

13. Zhang X, Heredia NI, Balakrishnan M, Thrift AP. Prevalence and factors associated with NAFLD detected by vibration controlled transient elastography among US adults: Results from NHANES 2017-2018. PLoS One. 2021;16: e0252164. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252164.

14. Riazi K, Azhari H, Charette JH, et al. The prevalence and incidence of NAFLD worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022; 7:851-61. doi:10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00165-0.

15. Younossi ZM, Golabi P, Paik JM, Henry A, Van Dongen C, Henry L. The global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a systematic review. Hepatology. 2023; 77:1335-47. doi:10.1097/HEP.0000000000000004.

16. Younossi ZM, Stepanova M, Afendy M, et al. Changes in the prevalence of the most common causes of chronic liver diseases in the United States from 1988 to 2008. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011; 9:524-e60. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2011.03.020.

17. Le MH, Le DM, Baez TC, et al. Global incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 63 studies and 1,201,807 persons. J Hepatol. 2023; 79:287-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.040.

18. Chegeni M, Nili S, Darabi M, et al. Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver and its related factors in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Educ Health Promot. 2023; 12:356. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1056_22.

19. Adibi A, Kelishadi R, Beihaghi A, Salehi H, Talaei M. Sonographic fatty liver in overweight and obese children, a cross-sectional study in Isfahan. Endokrynol Pol. 2009; 60:14-19.

20. Raiteri A, Granito A, Faggiano C, et al. Hepatic Steatosis in Patients with Celiac Disease: The Role of Packaged Gluten-Free Foods. Nutrients. 2022; 14:2942. doi:10.3390/nu14142942.

21. Tovoli F, Negrini G, Farì R, et al. Increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet: beyond traditional metabolic factors. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018;48(5):538-546. doi:10.1111/apt.14910.

22. Babio N, Alcázar M, Castillejo G, et al. Patients with Celiac Disease Reported Higher Consumption of Added Sugar and Total Fat Than Healthy Individuals. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017; 64:63-9. doi:10.1097/MPG.0000000000001251.

23. Brandi G, De Lorenzo S, Candela M, et al. Microbiota, NASH, HCC and the potential role of probiotics. Carcinogenesis. 2017; 38:231-40. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgx007.

Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article

Ethics code: IR.MEDILAM.REC.1400.232

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

Shahbazi S, Khosravani M, Vahdat Shariatpanahi Z. Comparison of non-alcoholic fatty liver in diet-controlled celiac patients with non-celiac individuals using ultrasound in Ilam city in 2021. J. Ilam Uni. Med. Sci. 2025; 33 (4) :106-115
URL: http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-8587-en.html

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Volume 33, Issue 4 (9-2025)

Back to browse issues page

Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.16 seconds with 39 queries by YEKTAWEB 4722