Study of drinking water quality in Abdanan city, Ilam province, in terms of residual chlorine and bacterial quality, focusing on earthquake conditions in the period 2013-2024

Nikoonahad, Ali; Amarlooei, Ali; Lorestani , Mehdi

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Volume 34, Issue 2 (5-2026)

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2026, 34(2): 41-54

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Study of drinking water quality in Abdanan city, Ilam province, in terms of residual chlorine and bacterial quality, focusing on earthquake conditions in the period 2013-2024

Ali Nikoonahad ^*¹

, Ali Amarlooei²

, Mehdi Lorestani³

1- Dept of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran , nikoonahad-a@medilam.ac.ir
2- Dept of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran & Health and Environment Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
3- Dept of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran

Abstract: (472 Views)

Introduction: Safe drinking water is essential for life and public health, while unsafe water spreads waterborne diseases. Chlorination is a simple, low-risk, and highly effective method for disinfecting water and eliminating pathogenic microorganisms, making it a key strategy for ensuring safe water supplies. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between chlorination, the bacterial quality of urban and rural drinking water in Abdanan County, and the earthquake phenomenon in 2013-2014 was investigated.
Materials & Methods: Data on urban and rural water chlorination and microbial tests from 2013–2014 were obtained from the Abdanan Health and Treatment Network water laboratory and categorized by year and location. Results were analyzed using Excel 2010, and the Pearson correlation coefficient assessed the relationship between multiple earthquakes and water pollution levels.
Results: The results of the present study show that the highest amount of desirable residual chlorine in urban areas (99.9%) was in 2019 and the lowest amount (96.5%) was in 2013; also, the lowest amount of desirable residual chlorine in rural areas (96.4%) was in 2014. The worst water condition in terms of bacteria, both in the city and in the village, was in 2014 (94.7% and 95.5%, respectively); also, the correlation coefficient between the occurrence of earthquakes from August to December 2014 and the results of bacterial water contamination was 0.62.
Conclusion: Analysis showed annually favorable results: urban chlorination 98.8% and rural 98%; urban microbial tests 99.4% and rural 99%. At 95% confidence, earthquake occurrence moderately correlated with water pollution (Pearson r = 0.62). The decline in microbial water quality observed in 2014 was likely associated with the unusually high number of earthquakes recorded during that year.

Keywords: Chlorination, bacterial quality of drinking water, Abdanan County

Full-Text [PDF 597 kb] (172 Downloads)

Editorial Note: Research | Subject: Environmental health
Received: 2025/12/6 | Accepted: 2026/02/16 | Published: 2026/05/26

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Nikoonahad A, Amarlooei A, Lorestani M. Study of drinking water quality in Abdanan city, Ilam province, in terms of residual chlorine and bacterial quality, focusing on earthquake conditions in the period 2013-2024. J. Ilam Uni. Med. Sci. 2026; 34 (2) :41-54
URL: http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-8856-en.html

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