Effect Of Combined Exercises on Plantar Pressures During Walking in Men with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Pronated Foot

Jafarnezhadgero , AmirAli; Imani Brouj, Sara; Sheikhalizadeh, Hamed

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Volume 34, Issue 2 (5-2026)

Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 2026, 34(2): 14-26

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Effect Of Combined Exercises on Plantar Pressures During Walking in Men with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Pronated Foot

AmirAli Jafarnezhadgero ^*¹

, Sara Imani Brouj²

, Hamed Sheikhalizadeh²

1- Dept of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran , amiralijafarnezhad@gmail.com.com
2- Dept of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract: (509 Views)

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a common surgery for ACL injuries, improving knee function in 90% of patients, but only 65% return to their previous level of athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined exercises on plantar pressures in individuals with ACL reconstruction and pronation during gait.
Materials & Methods: The method of this study was a clinical trial. Using G*Power software, the sample size for each group was determined to be 15 people. The subjects of the study had undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and had pronation of the foot. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: control and exercise. The intervention group underwent a combined exercise protocol for 8 weeks. After the intervention period, the post-test assessments were repeated in both groups in a similar manner to the pre-test in SPSS V.26.
Results: The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed the main effect of time on the peak vertical ground reaction force in the heel strike phase was significant (p < 0.001; η² = 0.549). The main effect of time on the time to reach the peak vertical ground reaction force in the heel strike phase was also significant (p < 0.001). The main effect of the group on the peak vertical ground reaction force in the heel-strike phase was significant (p = 0.027). The interaction effect of time × group on the peak pressure on the second metatarsal bone was significant (p = 0.032).
Conclusion: Combined exercises improve biomechanical performance, improve results by correcting plantar pressure and reducing abnormal stresses, and play a preventive role against future injuries.

Keywords: Plantar pressure, Combined exercises, Vertical ground reaction force, anterior cruciate ligament injury, pronated foot

Full-Text [PDF 931 kb] (194 Downloads)

Editorial Note: Research | Subject: orthopedic
Received: 2025/09/30 | Accepted: 2026/04/8 | Published: 2026/05/26

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Jafarnezhadgero A, Imani Brouj S, Sheikhalizadeh H. Effect Of Combined Exercises on Plantar Pressures During Walking in Men with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Pronated Foot. J. Ilam Uni. Med. Sci. 2026; 34 (2) :14-26
URL: http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-8767-en.html

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