Introduction: This study was to determine biomechanical property and radiography of autogenously bone graft covered with Nano hydroxyapatite in the defect of radial bone in rabbit.

Materials & methods: Eighteen adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used which were divided into three groups of six rabbits each. A segmental bone defect of 10 mm in length was created in radial shaft. The defects in group I were left as such without filler, whereas in group II the defect were filled up with harvested 10 mm rib, bone and in group III the defect were packed with rib bone covered with nano-hydroxyapatite. The animals were examined by radiography, and the load bearing index were measured at the end of examin.

Findings: On the radiographs, bone repair in Group I was not as perfect as those in Group II samples and trace of internal callus filled the gap incompletely in 60 days in Group I. Radiographs obtained in the experimental group showed that the radiopacity of scaffold used in gap was non-uniform but so that non-uniformity in the three months after surgery decreased gradually. Repair defect in Group A and Group B the same group showed no significant difference. The load bearing of group II, III compared with group demonstrated a different significant (P<0.05).

Discussion & Conclusions: Implantation of autologous graft covered with hydroxyapatite indicated to have positive effect in integral formation of qualitative callus at the site of fracture and early re-organization of callus to regain mechanical strength too.