96 1563-4728 Ilam University of Medical Sciences 1586 psychology Effectiveness of Play Therapy on the Reduction of Children’s Severity Symptoms with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Promotion of Their Academic Performance Bakhshayesh A b Mirhosseini RS c b Yazd University c Yazd University 1 1 2015 22 6 1 13 14 02 2014 17 08 2014 Introduction: Play is one method for treating children's problems because children are often facing problem in oral expression of their feelings. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy on the reduction of children’s severity symp-tomms with Attention Deficit/Hyp-eractivity Disorder (ADHD) and prom-otion of their academic performance. Materials & Methods: The research method is group randomized contr-olled experiment. For this purpose, 45 ADHD children (7-11 years old boys and girls) who had referred to the Imam Hossein Clinic in the year 2013 were selected through convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned into three groups of expe-rimental, control, and placebo (15 pa-rticipants in each group). Data was collected in two stages of pre-test and post-test. The severity of ADHD symptoms assessed by Conner's Rating Scale (Teachers and Parents Form) and their academic performance were ev-aluated using their course grade. The data were analyzed by one-way AN-OVA. Findings: Results showed that play therapy increased children's academic performance in Koran, theology, m-athematics, and physical education while the impact was not significant on Persian language, Science, Discipline, and general performance. Discussion & Conclusion: Play thera-py can be used as an effective method in reducing severity of ADHD’s sym-ptoms and improvement of their acad-emic performance besides other th-erapeutic methods.
1733 Environmental health Evaluating the Performance of Limecoagulant Using Synthetic Polymer in Dye Removal From Textile Wastewater noorimotlagh z d javaheri M e rahmati z f nourmoradi H g d Ilam University of Medical Sciences e Ilam University of Medical Sciences f Ilam University of Medical Sciences g Ilam University of Medical Sciences 1 1 2015 22 6 14 23 20 04 2014 25 06 2014 Introduction: The presence of dye in aqueous solution can cause carcinogenic and leave mutagenic effects on the hu-man health. This study aimed to eva-luate the performance of lime coagulant using polymer in the removal of dis-perse red 60 dye from synthetic waste-water. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the batch system. The effects of the coagulant aid dosage, pH, dye concentration, coagulant dose, sett-ling time, velocity and time of slow mi-xing was studied. Jar test and UV/Vis spectrophotometric were used to coag-ulate and determine of concentration, respectively. Findings: Results indicated that dye was removed for 90.61% in the prese-nce of preastol optimum concentration and removed for46.21% (0.08 g/l) in the absence of preastol optimum concen-tration, respectively. The optimum solu-teion pH range was extended using the coagulationaid and the velocity of the mixer in jar test had a substantial effect on the dye removal. Discussion & Conclusion: Based on results, the use of the coagulant aid de-creased the coagulant dose and incre-ased (almost two times) the dye removal percentage in the same condition. Thus, coagulation process through coagulant-aid could be used as an effective meth-od to remove dye from textile waste-waters. 1485 public health A Review of the Effects of Different Types of Food Processing Methods on the Amount of Pesticides Residues in Raw and Processed Plant-based Food Mazloomi SM h Sefidkar R i h Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. i Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1 1 2015 22 6 24 33 05 01 2014 01 07 2014 Introduction: Nowadays, lack of attention to the currency period and adverse effects of residues in Food products has highly concerned consumers. Since different met-hods are applied for producing and process-sing plant-based foods, the effect of each method on the amount of pesticide residuals is still under discussion. Materials & Methods: In this review article, the results of 32 studies in scientific data bases were investigated in order to assess the effect of different plant-based foods’ processsing methods on the amount of pesti-cides residues. Findings: Several studies have shown that pre-processing of the Food products incl-uding washing, blanching, and peeling rem-oved some pesticides from these Products. Also, processing methods such as cooking vegetables and fruits, milling grains, and producing flour and bread has mitigated some residues. However, some Toxicology researches have reported that some proce-sses such as cooking, might degrade the pesticides and convert them to more toxic substances. Discussion & Conclusion: Although studies have shown that most processes which were used in preparing plant-based Food reduced the amount of some pesticides depending on the type of product, type of pesticide, nature of process and other factors, some processes degraded them into more Toxi-colic compounds. 1220 physiology Evaluating the Root Extract of Cyperus rotundus L. on Learning and Memory in Male Rats Germezgoli S Nasri S naseri M 1 1 2015 22 6 34 43 04 10 2013 02 06 2014 Introduction: Medicinal plants have gained more attention due to memory disorders such as Alzheimer and the side effects of synthetic drugs. With regard to the usage of this plant in traditional medicine to enhance memory and as there has not been any research on the effect of Cyperus rotundus (C. rotundus) rhizome extract on learning and memory, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of C. rotundus rhizome extract on learning and memory in male rats. Materials & Methods: For this purpose, male rats were randomly divided into a control group (which received solvent) and treatment group. The rhizome extract was administered at doses of 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg for 10 days in the treated group intraperitoneal ly. For evaluating learning and memory, initial (IL) and step-through latencies (STL) were determined at the end of the study using passive avoidance test and alternation behavior percentage was obtained using Y maze. Findings: There was no significant diff-erence in IL, between treated and control groups which mean no change in the ability to learn new information in treated rats. On the other hand, there was a significant difference in STL at dose of 100mg/kg gr-oup compared to the control group (p<0.01). On the Y maze test, alternation percentage showed a significant difference in 10mg/kg group compared to the control (p< 0.001). Discussion: Intraperitoneal injection of C. rotundus extract enhances information rec-all. However, its positive effect is more in long-term memory than in short-term memory. 2449 physiology Psychometric Properties of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -28) Valizadeh R Kavari zadeh F Yasemi M Yasemi M R Rashidbeigi M Tavan H 1 1 2015 22 6 44 50 03 05 2014 30 09 2014 Introduction: The General Health Qu-estionnaire (GHQ) is used to detect mental disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the 28 questions version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ -28). Materials & Methods: In a methodolo-gical study, 118 secondary school stud-ents in the city of Ilam were selected through random sampling method. In this study, the 28 questions version of the General Health Questionnaire was used. Construct validity was used to determine the validity and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coeffi-cient) was used to determine the relia-bility. Finding: The GHQ is composed of six factors, The first factor is headache with the score of (14.22 ± 2.88), the second factor is insomnia with the score of (12.42 ± 2.48), the third factor is joy of life with the score of (10.45 ± 2.09), the fourth factor is health with the score of (10.387 ± 2.08), the fifth factor is feelings of worthlessness with the score of (9.96 ± 1.99) and the sixth factor is suicide attempt with the score of (8.42 ± 1.68), respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale was found to be 69%. Discussion & Conclusion: The first fa-ctor of GHQ included questions, the second factor included questions, the third factor included questions, the fou-rth factor included questions, the fifth factor included questions and the sixth factor included questions. 1318 community health nursing Investigating the Effect of Training Workplace Organization Technique on Workplace Arrangement in Operation Rooms of Isfahan’s Shahid Beheshti Hospital in 2013 Nouri A Hosseini M A University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Science University of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation Science 1 1 2015 22 6 51 59 10 11 2013 10 02 2014 Introduction: Clinical environment is a fu-ndamental element of nursing profession which can lead to appropriate performance and optimal outcome. Workplace organiz-ation training can increase the quality of care and nurses’ job satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the effect of training workplace organization technique (5S) on workplace arrangement in operation room of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Esfahan, 2013. Materials & Methods: This is a quasi-exp-erimental study with pre & posttest. The participants included 22 nursing staffs of operation room in Shahid Beheshti hospital of Isfahan. Workplace arrangement ques-tionnnaire and 5S audit checklist in heal-thcare was used for data collection. Interv-ention consisted of 5S workshop for ope-ration room nurses on three separate ses-sions. Participants were tested by the ques-tionnnaire before the study and 30 days after the intervention. Researchers condu-cted 5S audit before and after the study. Next, data was analyzed through Shpiro-Wilk and paired T-tests. Findings: The results of this study showed that the 5S audit scores was 3.2 before the intervention and increased to 4.6 after the intervention. The mean of the arrangement workplace scores was 77.72±25.38 before the study and 93.22±27.42 after the intervention. Paired T-test analysis showed a significant difference between the mean score of arrangement before and after the education (p=0.04). Discussion & Conclusion: This study sho-wed that 5S education could improve workplace arrangement in operation rooms of hospitals. It indicated that quality impr-ovement techniques such as 5S implem-entation in the operation room settings could be useful to environmental arran-gement. 1260 Nutritional Sciences Black Tea and Coffee Intake and Prostate Cancer: A Case-Control Study askari F kardoust parizi M rashidkhani B shahid beheshti university of medical science shahid beheshti university of medical science shahid beheshti university of medical science 1 1 2015 22 6 60 65 13 10 2013 04 05 2014 Introduction: Prostate cancer is the most p-revalent cancer among males in econo-mically developed countries. Among the several risk factors suggested for prostate cancer, only age, ethnicity, and family hist-ory of prostate cancer are well- Prior stu-dies have shown that dietary intake can change cancer risk. Most data in this area was drawn from Western studies and dev-eloping countries have limited data in this regard. This study examined the association between black tea and coffee intake and the risk of prostate cancer in Iran. Materials & Methods: Cases were patients who were admitted to ‘Labbafi-Nejad Hos-pital’. Controls were patients admitted to the emergency service of the same hospital. The control and treatment group members were matched in terms of age (10years). A total of fifty patients with prostate cancer and a hundred controls underwent face-to-face interviews. We assessed participants’ dietary intakes during the past year by using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data. Findings: a significant positive relationship was observed between consumption of bla-ck tea and prostate cancer risk (above medi-an vs. below median: OR = 2.9, 95%CI 1.0-3.0). We could not find a significant relat-ionship between coffee intake and prostate cancer risk (p=0.07) Discussion & Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that high consu-mption of black tea might be positively related with an increased risk of prostate cancer. 1629 health and safety professionals Determining Safe Distance for Exposure to UV Radiation of Compact Fluorescent Lamps safari sh Dehghan H kazemi M Yousefi H Mahaki B 1 1 2015 22 6 66 74 26 02 2014 11 06 2014 Introduction: Energy saving is an important item considering environme-nttal protection, economy and science and technology. Hence, one way of energy saving is using compact fluorescent lamps. In these lamps, ultraviolet radiat-ion is generated due to the nature of produce light. Until now, no study has investigated the proper distance to these lamps in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the safe distance in facing UV rays of compact fluorescent lamps. Materials & Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 16 compact fluo-rescent lamps (four different brands) in 8 different watts. Measurement was done in 200,150,100,50,25 and 10cm distance and 0,100,200,500,750,1000,1500 and 2000 hours from work time and in zero angles ultraviolet radiation was measured in three fields including UVA, UVB and UVC. The information was analyzed usi-ng SPSS 20 software through one-way ANOVA test. Findings: ANOVA test showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between the intensity of ultraviolet radi-ation at different distances (P0.05). Discussion & Conclusion: In 10cm dis-tance, the intensity of UVA radiation in two lamps (45 and 60 watts) was more than the occupational exposure limits bet-ween eight lamps and in 25cm and more distances, intensity of UVA radiation rea-ched less than the occupational exposure limits. Intensity of UVB radiation among most lamps in 10, 25 and 50 cm distances was more than the occupational exposure limits. 1364 nurse Considering the Effect of Re-training Course of Cardio pulmonary Resuscitation on Nurses’ Awareness and Skill Levels of the Most Recent Changes in CPCR Protocol adineh M zareh k atarzadeh sh chergi A Ahvaz Jundishapur university of medical sciences, Department of of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz, Iran. Ahvaz Jundishapur university of medical sciences, Department of of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz, Iran. Golestan Hospital, Ahwaz Golestan Hospital, Ahwaz 1 1 2015 22 6 75 82 30 11 2013 21 07 2014 Introduction: Cardiopulmonary resuscitati-on instructions have been changed over theseveral past years to achieve better resultsandawarenessof these variations is necessary for nurses to for quick and effective response when cardiopulmonary arrest occur. So, the goal of this study is determining the effect of basic Card-iopulmonary resuscitation (CPCR) retrai-ning on nurses’ awareness and skills stab-ilization of the most recent changes in CPCR instructions. Materials ;Methods: This is a one-group quasi-experimental study conducted in pre and post method. CPCR awareness me-asurement was conducted with valid multiple option questions (MCQ- test) ba-sed on the recent CPCR variations and psycho-motor skills were measured through a visual checklist observing CPCR function on amodel in three processes (before retraining, immediately after retraining and 10 weeks after retraining). Data was ana-lyzed by the SPSS software through paired t- test statistical test. Findings: Results showed that a significant difference was found between the mean score of the nurses’ awareness and skill in the pretest and posttest (P= 000). On the average, the subjects’ awareness and skill scores were 4.394 29.94 on the pretest, 4.585 35.53 on the posttest and 2.216 33.11 on the retest. Results indicated the nurse awareness and skill acquisition from the most recent CPCR variations following a 4 hours program of practical and theoretical training. Discussion & Conclusions: The findings of this study can be a reason to support the important role of training to improve the nurses’ awareness and skills levels of the most recent CPCR variations and then assured authority and helping in cardio-pulmonary recovery particularly in cardio–reciprocal emergency events. 1826 biochemistry Evaluation the Login of Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles Treated with I-131 to the MCF-7 Cell line and Mouse Radpour M Ashtari p Fatahi rad A Alirezapour B keshavarzi@gmail.com f 3Department of biology, sanandaj branch, Islamic Azad University, sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran 1 1 2015 22 6 83 92 21 05 2014 30 08 2014 Introduction: Silicate nanoparticles are highly important in medical and treatment field due to their biocompatibility as well as ease of preparation and surface modif-ication. Through using various surface co-atings of nanoparticles, optimal and stable biomedical properties can be created for these nanoparticles. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro login of these nanoparticles. Materials & Methods: In this study, Iodine-131 radiopharmaceutical stabilized by using silver on magnetite (Fe3O4) was used while synthesizing silicate magnetic nanoparticles including and it was stabilized in silicate nanoparticles. Then, entry of nanoparticles in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and mouse was studied. Synthesis is done using sol-gel in the reverse microemulsion with Tetra-etoxy Silane reactive (TEOS) as the mon-omer, 3-amino propyl tre-autoxy silane (APTS) as monomer and the control agent of functional groups and zeta potential of nanoparticles. Findings: TEM results showed that the av-erage size of the nanoparticles was about 40 nm and about 80 percent of the primary iodine-131 was encapsulated in the nanop-articles. Also, the stability of nanoparticles was more than 99 percent in the carrier solution. Moreover, the highest entrance efficiency was 53-54% 2 to 4 hours after the beginning of cultivation. Discussion & Conclusion: The prepared Silicate magnetic nanoparticles in this study can be used for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment of diseases. 1725 clinical biochemistry Gly972Arg Polymorphism of IRS-1 Gene and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study Bakhtiyari S Zaherara M Sayehmiri F Mami R Sayehmiri k 1 1 2015 22 6 93 102 19 04 2014 14 07 2014 Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a mu-ltifactorial disease and is caused by a variety of genetic and environmental fac-tors. Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is one of the key molecules in the insulins-ignaling pathway so that defects in this protein cause problems in this pathway, de-velops insulin resistance, and eventually leads to type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of Gly972Arg polymorphism in IRS-1 gene and type 2 diabetes using meta-analysis. Materials & Methods: This was a syste-matic review and meta-analysis study. To find related documents, the following liter-ature databases were searched: Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar, SID, Irandoc and Magiran. Data analysis was performed by STATA software through Random Effects Model. Study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 index. Findings: In 9 reviewed papers, the total number of T2D and control subjects was 2462 and 2012, respectively. For the GG, GA, and AA genotypes of the Gly972Arg polymorphism, OR (95% CI) were equal to 1.256 (95% CI=1.08-1.506), 0.075 (0.63-0.893), and 1.481 (0.998-2.197), respect-tively. The results showed that the asso-ciation between the GG and GA genotypes of Gly972Arg polymorphism in IRS-1and susceptibility to T2D was statistically significant (P <0.05). Discussion & Conclusion: The results of the present study show an association betw-een GG and GA genotypes of Gly972Arg polymorphism of IRS-1 and type 2 di-abetes. 1393 public health A comparative study of Effective Factors on Women’s Reproductive Health among Dorood and Koohdasht Residents Zanjani H jazaieri E Islamic Azad University Islamic Azad University 1 1 2015 22 6 103 114 11 12 2013 14 07 2014 Introduction: Developing reproductive hea-lth and addressing its different dimensions is one of the basic steps in order to provide the society and family’s health, particularly women. This research mainly aims to study and recognize the effective factors on mother’s reproductive health in Koohdasht and Dorood. Materials & Methods: This study was a cr-oss-sectional survey method and data was collected through questionnaire. The study population included the mothers between 15 to 45 years old living in Koohdasht and Dorood. Based on Cochran formula, the Sample size for women in Koohdash was equal to 198 and for Dorood equal to 162. The sampling method was multi-stage clu-ster sampling. Finally, data was analyzed by SPSS through Mann-Whitney test and Spe-arman correlation coefficient at the signify-cant level of P <0.05. Findings: Given the Spearman correlation coefficient, a negative and low correlation (p=0.013, r=0.131) was seen between re-productive health and age in the first pregnancy. Based on the findings on wo-men who married at the ages of 15 to 29 ye-ars old enjoyed more reproductive health in comparison to those who married before 15 or after 30 years old. There was a negative and low correlation between reproductive health and gender priorities for infant (p=0.039, r=-.109). Women living in urban areas (195.21) significantly (p=0.12) enjo-yed higher reproductive health in comp-arison to women living in rural areas (167.63). Also, there was a significant difference between Koohdasht and Dorood in terms of reproductive health (p=0.025). Reproductive health of women living in Koohdasht was (169.4) lower than women living in Dorood (194.07). Discussion & Conclusion: Reproductive he-alth of women living in Koodasht was lo-wer than women living in Dorood and wo-men living in urban areas have higher rep-roductive health than women living in rural areas. Preferring boy infant than girl dec-reases the reproductive health due to the more number of parturitions and decrease in pregnancy intervals. Overall, according to this research findings, increasing the wo-men’s knowledge of reproductive health and family planning through the training both of cities is crucial. 1741 clinical psychology The role of emotion regulation deficits, thought-action fusion and behavioral inhibition in Generalized Anxiety Disorder Davoodi A Neshat Doost HT Abedi MR Talebi H and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University University of Isfahan University of Isfahan University of Isfahan 1 1 2015 22 6 115 124 22 04 2014 29 08 2014 Introduction: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is affected by different emotional, cognitive and natural factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of emotional regulation deficits, thought-action fusion and behavioral inhibition in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Materials & Methods: This research is a correlational study and the sample included 120 patients with GAD selected from patients referring to four psychiatry centers in Shiraz using availability sampling. Instruments used for data collection included Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ), Thought Fusion Instrument (TFI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BDI), retrospective and adults Measures of Behavioral Inhibition (RMBI, AMBI), and the 20-item Toronto alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Data was analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis method. Findings: Results showed that there was a significant relationship between difficulty in describing and identifying emotions, mal-adaptive emotion regulation strategies, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition with GAD (p<0.01). Also, stepwise regression analysis showed that difficulty in identifying emotions, ma-ladaptive emotion regulation, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition were the best predictors for GAD respectively. Discussion & Conclusion: Given the role of emotion regulation deficits, thought-action fusion and childhood behavioral inhibition in GAD, the prevention and treatment programs for GAD should take these variables into account. 1382 immunology Tuberculosis Treatment Side Effects and Effective Factors on It beiranvand r Ghalavandi Sh delpisheh A Bakhtiyar k Moradi Gh Ilam University of Medical Sciences 3) Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ilam University of Medical Sciences Lorestan University of Medical Sciences Kurdestan University of Medical Sciences 1 1 2015 22 6 125 132 07 12 2013 02 06 2014 Introduction: Tuberculosis is an emerging and reemerging disease and standard tre-atments are used to control this disease all around the world these days. If TB trea-tment side effects are not early diagnosed, these side effects can be costly and very dangerous. The aim of this study was the assessment of TB treatment side effects and its determining factors. Materials & Methods: This study is desc-riptive-analytical and cross-sectional. Do-cuments of all patients diagnosed with TB were used from the beginning of April 2005 to the end of the September 2012 in Kh-uzestan province. The instruments for data collection included a checklist and demo-graphic variables for collecting the required data. The collected data was analyzed thr-ough SPSS-16 software by Chi-square, Ind-ependent t and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Findings: The overall 6363 TB patients with the mean age of 18±39.3 years were identified and studied. Side effects in 106 (1.66%) patients were associated with TB treatment during the treatment period. The most common complication was Hepatitis in 52 cases (49.05%). Side effects incidence had a significant relationship with gender, kind of disease, HIV infection, and result of chest radiography (P˂0.05). Discussion ;Conclusion: High incidence of complications in TB treatment among patients with over 65 years age and less than 4 years age and HIV infection cause disorder in TB controlling. Thus, training and protective measures and periodical as-sessment is recommended. 1477 social sciences The Role of Gender Preference in Reproductive Behavior of Women in the City of Kangavar shahbazin S GHolami A shahbazin S 1 1 2015 22 6 133 142 03 01 2014 30 06 2014 Introduction: One of the cultural problems of Third World countries is sexual pre-ference attitudes. Gender is an important determinant of women's reproductive beh-avior in south Asia and Middle East cou-ntries. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sexual preference on fertility of women in Kangavar city. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 279 women who had at least 3 children and experienced their fourth and more pregnancy during the last 2 years. Databases were collected through house-hold health records in health networks. D-ata was extracted and analyzed by SPSS17 and appropriate statistical tests. Findings: The mean age of participants was 38.9±3.4 years. 41% of participants were illiterate and the rest had elementary and seconddary education. 61% of participants were living in village. Results of correlation tests showed that male´s and female´s education and their place of residence had a significant relationship with high women's fertility (P<0.001). Regression results also showed that the number of male children was the main explanatory of high women's fertility (72%). Discussion & Conclusion: Given the rela-tionship between education with sexual pre-ference and high fertility, efforts to promote the education of women and men to reduce sexual preference are recommended. 1391 Health education Investigation of Influencing Factors of Taxi Drivers’ Risky Behavior in Ahvaz in 2013 tahmasby F Zamani Alavijeh F rostam niakan SH Asadolahi A 1 1 2015 22 6 143 151 10 12 2013 16 07 2014 Introduction: The risky behavior of taxi drivers is an important cause of death and it’s the second cause of death and ninth cause of early death and disability in Iran. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting accident and risky behavior of taxi drivers in Ahvaz, Iran in 2013 . Materials & Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive analytical study. The samples were 400 cases of Ahvaz taxi drivers who randomly referred to the taxi driving organization. Data was collected by questionnaire form. The pilot study was based on 50 accidents of taxi. To obtain the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha was utilized and data were analyzed using (SPSS) software version 19 Findings: Results showed that among the five important factors of risky driving behavior of taxi drivers, individual and personal factor 26/228 had the highest impact on risky behavior of taxi drivers. Also, other factors like the effect of other people and society were the second and third cause of accident with respective degrees of 10.423 and 7.578. In the first factor (individual factors) pleasure and excitement of risky behavior, convince transport and producing occupation had the first to third ranks. Discussion & conclusion: Many causes have been reported as for the dangerous behavior of driving but this research paid attention to those factors which were more important and were approved by taxi drivers. The most important factor in risky behavior is the individual factor. The influence of others and social factors had the second place. So, authorities should plan awareness raising programs and pay attention to the mentioned shortcomings and attempt to take a helpful strike for reforming them. 1448 psychology in Ilam high school students Examining relationships of creativity and its dimensionswith mental health Menati R niazi m Menati w Ezati Y 1 1 2015 22 6 152 158 28 12 2013 16 03 2014 Introduction:According tovariousstud-ies, creativity and its dimensions are co-nsidered as importantfactors in indiv-iduals’ mental health. Therefore, this st-udy was conducted to find outthe relati-onship of creativity and its dimensions-with mental health in Ilam high school students. Materials & Methods: The population of the study included all ofIlam high school studentsin the 2011-1012 acad-emic years.To perform this research, 348 students (161 females, 187 males) were selected by multistage random sampling methodwho completedthecre-ativity scale and general health ques-tionnaire (GHQ-28).The collected data from the questionnaire was analyzed by Pearson coefficient and multiple regr- ession in Stepwise and Enter style. Findings: The results of multiple regr-ession analysis indicated that creativity and its dimensionscan predict approxi-mately 35 percent of mental health vari-ance in students. Also, flexibility and fluencyemerged as the strongest pred-ictors of mental health in high school students. Discussion & Conclusion:Given the rol-e of creativity and its dimensions on hi-gh school students’ mental health, it is recommended that specialists use a set of teaching program by to prevent psy-chological problems. 1375 obstetrics and gynecology Effect of Using Combination of Fennel, Chamomile and Ginger on Relieving Symptoms of Primary Dysmenorrheal among Students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in 2012 Samadi N Amani F Naghizadeh M Alahiari I GHezelbash S Kazemzadeh R Ardabil University of medical sciences Ardabil University of medical sciences 1 1 2015 22 6 159 164 04 12 2013 21 07 2014 Introduction: Medicinal herbs have a history as old as human creation and using them as a healing agent has been common all over the world since anci-ent times. Medicinal herbs have been also used in treating dysmenorrheal as one of the most common gynecological problems in women. In recent years, a variety of nutrition therapies have been used for the treatment of dysmen-orrheal. But considering that the use of any medication has side effects in addition to therapeutic effects, using chemical plants along the drug may be helpful in the treatment of dysme-norrheal. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of medicinal herbs in relieving the symptoms of dysmenorrheal among female students in Ardabil University of medical scie-nces. Materials & Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study which was done on 90 female students in Ardabil Univ-ersity. Random sampling was done during 6 month in 2013, and the data collection instruments included demographic ch-aracteristics and visual pain scale. D-escriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. Findings: The results of this study sho-w that there was a statistically signify-cant relationship between symptoms of pain before and after taking a com-bination of herbs (P=0.017). Discussion & conclusion: The results of the study showthat the use of herbs (combination of fennel, chamomile and ginger) is effective in relieving the sy-mptoms of dysmenorrheal. Consid-ering the high prevalence of primary dysmenorrheal and Iran’s potential in the field of herbal medicine, herbal re-medies are recommended in dysmen-orrheal pain relief along with other treatments. 1687 epidemiology of addiction Associated Factors with Addiction Relapse in Patients of Referring to Addiction Treatment Centers in Ilam: a Case-Control Study Kikhavandi S Menati R Kassani A Menati W Research Center for Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Research Center for Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Research Center for Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran Research Center for Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran 1 1 2015 22 6 165 173 03 04 2014 24 08 2014 Introduction: Addiction is a mental and social disorder which causes psychological and physiological dependence among addi-cts and affects their physical, psychological and social performance. An important asp-ect of this issue is the relapse to addiction after treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related with addiction relapse in patients referring to addiction treatment centers in Ilam city. Materials & Methods: This survey was a case- control study that was conducted in addiction treatment centers in Ilam city during 2012. Participants of this research were 93 cases (addicts who had been tre-ated and relapsed in the sixth month after treatment) and 93 controls (addicts who had been treated and had not relapsed in the sixth month after treatment) in four addi-ction treatment centers. The data were anal-yzed by t-test, chi-square and logistic regr-ession tests using SPSS 16 software. Findings: In univariate analysis, there were significant variables including history of addiction treatment, contact with addicted friends, educational level, and history of addiction in family, smoking, age, family size and type of drug. Moreover, in the multivariate analysis using logistic regr-ession, also there were significant variables such as age, history of addiction treatment, contact with addicted friends, history of addiction in family, job status, educational level, Smoking, family size, marital status and type of drug. Discussion ;Conclusion: In general, prev-ention of risk factors for addiction relapse is a multi-dimensional program that with its implementation in future can prevent from relapse in the addicts under treatment. 2457 psychology Attitude and Confidence of Faculty Members, Clinicians and Medical Students towards Biostatics: A Case study of Ilam University of Medical Sciences Sayemiri k Valizadeh R Yasemi M Rashidbeigi M Yasemi MR Payman H 1 1 2015 22 6 174 181 22 10 2014 20 01 2015 Introduction: Given the more complicating of the designing of researches, implement-tation and interpretation of medical research and developing of evidence-based medicine amended the knowledge of biostatistics in order to understand the results of other rese-arches and designing new research for fac-ulty members and physician. This study ai-med to compare the knowledge, attitude and confidence of faculty members, physic-cian and medical students towards biostat-istics at the Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Material & Methods: Data was collected using a standard questionnaire that contain-ed the parts, demographic data, attitude and confidence to biostatistics and questions ab-out knowledge of participants towards bio-statistics. The base of attitude and knowle-dge score was considered 100 and that of the confidence score was 20. Data were an-alyzed using SPSS 16 and ANOVA and χ2 test. Finding: Overall, 91.3% and 80% had pas- sed epidemiology and biostatistics courses, respectively. 46.8% of the participants were medical students, 31.9% physicians and 21.3% faculty members. More than half of them stated that they did not read any jou-rnals regularly. Mean score of knowledge, attitude and confidence to biostatistics of participants were 24.4816.32, 62.809.54 and 12.702.59, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score, attitude and confidence of faculty members, medical students and physicians toward biostatistics (P<0.05). Discussion & Conclusion: The knowledge of physician and medical students was lo-wer than those of American ones. Physi-cians had the lowest level and faculty mem-ber highest level of knowledge to biostat-istics. Changing in the season of biostat-istics and epidemiology courses and traini-ng biostatistics for physician, medical stud-ents and faculty members is recommended.