Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Effect of Intensity of Sputum Smear Positive in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at the Beginning of Treatment on Treatment Outcome
1
7
FA
salman
khazaei
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , hamedan, iran
ali
zahiri
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences , hamedan, iran
azim
hasanbeigi
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
abdollah
mohammadian-hafshejani
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences
hamid
salehiniya
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
mohammad
saatchi
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
mokhtar
soheylizad
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Tuberculosis is an acute or chronic necrotizing infection which involves various organs of the body especially the lungs. Identifying the determinants of outcome in these patients is important; therefore, this study was conducted to study the relationship between the degree of sputum smear -positive patients on treatment outcome.
Materials & methods: This study was done on 465 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with smear-positive during the years of 2005 to 2013 and they were identified in Hamadan province. By using descriptive statistics the distribution of status of sputum positive at the beginning of treatment was determined. Chi-square test was used to assess the relationship between sputum smear status of patients and treatment outcome. Data were analyzed using Stata vol 12.
Findings: As total of 465 patients, 51.61% were male and 59.14% of them were living in urban areas. 41.94 % of patients with sputum smear 3+ were identified at the beginning of treatment. 10.32 % of patients eventually died and at 4.3 % of them had treatment failure. Relation between basil level at the beginning of treatment with a therapeutic relationship was relatively significant (P = 0.06).
Discussion & Conclusions: There is relation between level of basil at beginning of treatment and treatment outcome. So that the improvement rate in low- Basil in sputum smear is higher and on the other hand death and treatment failure is higher in high basil in sputum smear patients.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
The Effectiveness of Family Psychoeducation (Atkinson and Coia Model) on Mental Health Family Members of Patients with Psychosis
8
17
FA
shahram
mami
Islamic Azad university
satar
kaikhavani
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
kamran
amirian
Islamic Azad university
elias
neyazi
Islamic Azad university
Introduction: Short-term interventions may affect on family members of psychosis ;#39 families. The aim of this research is studying the effectiveness of family Psychoeducation (Atkinson and Coia model) on mental health families will produce a child with a psychotic illness.
Materials & methods: This study uses a quasi-experimental and pre-posttest design with the control group and investigates the effect of a four-week psycho-educational program for a two-month period on 44 caregiver families of patients with psychotic hospitalized in Welfare Hospital in Tehran in 93-94. Mental health workers were determined by questionnaires GHQ-28 .The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.
Findings: study results showed that family Psychoeducation enhances mental health, social functioning and reduces symptoms of anxiety, depression, but doesn;#39t have significant effect in reducing physical symptoms.
Discussion & Conclusions: Family education programs are effective to improve public health in caregivers of patients with psychotic issues and it would improve the quality of life for patients and caregivers.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Evaluation of Magnetic Silica Nanoparticles Treated with In-111 in SKBR-3 Cell Line
18
27
FA
M
Hasanvand
Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj
fatemeh
keshavarzi
Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj
P
Ashtari
Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute
B
Alirezapoor
Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute
Introduction: Magnetic nanoparticles are as nanoscale materials causing a great revolution in the diagnosis and treatment methods in medical science. Suitable half-life of the In-111 radioisotope makes use for in vivo studies. In this study, in order to obtain optimal absorption and stability the first synthesis of the silicate magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2) and stabilization of the In-111 radioisotope were investigated. Then, the permeability was examined in SKBR3 breast cancer cell line for using the diagnosis of diseases.
Materials & methods: The magnetite core was prepared by precipitation method. Then it was used as the core for the synthesis of magnetic silicate nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were synthesized according to sol-gel method in the reverse micro emulsion using tetraetoxy silane (TEOS) and 3-amino propyl tree-ataxia silane (APTS) as the monomers and precursors. Then the In-111 radioisotope adsorbed on the surface of the magnetite silicate nanoparticles and formed the radio-conjugated. Finally, the entry of the radio-conjugated nanoparticles on SKBR-3, breast cancer cell line, is studied through the cell culture.
Findings: TEM results were shown the average size of the nanoparticles about 40 NM. The size is suitable for biological applications. The radio-analysis revealed more than 92 percent of the primary In-111stablized on the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles cell culture results are revealed the highest entrance efficiency about 26-27%- during the first hour from beginning the cultivation. The stability tests results revealed the stabilized radio-conjugated are stable during of washing and scattering and then considered as stable conjugation.
Discussion & Conclusions: Due to the unique properties of In-111the mentioned nanoparticles, which are prepared using nano biotechnological methods would be able to apply for diagnosis purposes.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Knowledge, Attitude and Performance of K-9 Girl Students of Ilam City toward Puberty Health in 2013-14
28
34
FA
Narges
Naisi
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Ali Ashraf
Aivazi
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Manijeh
Hoseiny Rad
Ilam Farhangian University
Ashraf
Direkvand Moghadam
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Abdolhossein
Pournajaf
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Teenage is considered as a critical and invaluable period of any individual life, and puberty is the most important development of such age. The girls' health caring due to their future motherhood tasks is so important. The current study aimed at the assessment of knowledge, attitude and performance of k9 female students toward puberty health at Ilam, in 2013-14 academic year.
Material & methods: In a cross-sectional study, 201 female k9 students were selected through multiple stage (cluster-simple random) sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data and the data were analyzed using χ2, Fisher exact, and Pearson’s correlationtestsin SPSS-16 software.
Findingss: The age average of studied people was 13.87 ± 0.63 while menarche one was 13 years. The puberty awareness for 61.2%, and attitude for 77.1% of attendants were moderate, however their performance in this regard for 12.9% and 71.1% were good, and moderate, respectively. The mother's education and job showed a statistically significant correlation to students puberty awareness (r= 0.18, P= 0.01). Further, having an older sister showed statistically significant correlation to students knowledge on puberty health (P=0.019).
Discussion & Conclusions: Due to low level of puberty knowledge among studied students, arrangement of educational and curricular programs on physical, mental, and social aspects of puberty, along with development of consultation offices at schools are recommended. Improvement of mothers' knowledge through educational programs will be useful, as knowledge source for the most of the respondents was their mother.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
The Effect of Thymus Migricuson Isotonic Contraction Induced by Acetylcholine on Male Rats Ileum
35
42
FA
seyed hassan
Hejazian
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Mohammad
Golzar Isfahani
Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Herbal plants have been used for the treatment of different abnormalities such as spasm disorders. Some of these plants have gastro intestinal property. One of these herbs in iranian traditional medicine is Thymus migricus which used for antispasmodic activity and its effects present in essential oil. The present study was designed to find out the effects of Thymus migricusessence on mechanical activity of the isolated rat’s ileum.
Materials & methods: In this study, for evaluation of spasmolythic property of essense, different doses of the solution were added to organ bath after acetylcholine (Ach) with concentration of 10-4 molar (M) and for assessment of its antispasmodic, different doses of the solution were added to the organ bath before Ach with concentration of 10-6upto 10-3 M, then isotonic contraction of ileum were recorded in three groups of control, test and shamthrough an isolated tissue chamber in an organ bath by using isotonic transducer and oscillographic device.
Findings:The results from different concentration of Thymus migricusessence on Ach 10-4 M showed that concentration of 50 ng/ml of essense and higher was reduced to 95% of Ach induced contraction which is significant (P< 0.05).
Discussion & Conclusions: Thymus migricusessence hasspasmolythic and antispasmodic property.these effects may be produced by Thymol which is present in its essence and reduced calcium activity and release by sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Assessing and Prioritizing Health Safety and Environment Risk in Hospitals (Case Study: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences)
43
54
FA
manouchehr
Omidvari
Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch
Dariush
Shahbazi
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
Introduction: Nowadays, attention to opportunities andthreatsinthe field ofhealthcare and culminating in thehospitals facedwith uncertaintyandrisks wasessentialandmanage the risks involvedin thesecentersis very important. The aimof thisstudy is HSErisk assessmentmodelbasedsystemsinhospitalsmartyrBeheshtiUniversityof Medical Sciences, approaches thatcan becontrolled.
Materials & methods: In thisstudy,weidentifythe principalrisksandsetstandards formeasuring andprovidingcomprehensive questionnaire. Theanalytical Network predictionbased onfuzzy logic(FANP)was used for priority of risk.
Findings:Theriskprioritynumber isused inhospitals,Biological factorsaffectinghumanRPNequal to32.85 was the highest risk and Physical factorsaffectinghumanisequal to11.68 was the least HSE risk of hospital.Also the result showed that priority of the risk factors affecting the company's reputation was high.
Discussion & Conclusions: The results showed thatHospital managementshould beincontrol ofchemical and biologicalagentstoadopta specificmanagement plans. Also, according tothe results, it is clear thatit is necessary toconsider themanagementof workplaceergonomicsprogramhas beenandcontrol measureswithinthescopedefined.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Evaluation Frequency of TEM, VEB and Per Gens Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Ilam City
55
63
FA
Ilam University
Ilam University
Introduction: Escherichia coli are the most common agent of urinary tract infection. One of mechanisms of resistance to the beta-lactam antibiotics beta lactamase is enzyme production. Including beta lactamase٫as beta-lactamase producing of genes of the TEM, PER and VEB in these bacteria can be named. Purpose of present study evaluation frequency of foresaid gens extended spectrum beta lactamase producing of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections was in city Ilam.
Materials & methods: A total of 100 strains of E.coli were isolated from samples urinary tract and were identified using biochemical tests. Then antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disk diffusion method. Finally testing combined disk detects ESBL producing strains and MIC of strains to antibiotic CAZ and CTX by Micro broth dilution method. PCR with specific primers was used for determining the presence of blaPER, blaVEB and blaTEM genes.
Findings: Combined disk test showed 40 strains (40%) to be ESBL producing. Of the 40 ESBL producing strains, MIC for ceftazidime in the dilutions 16, 18 samples, 32, 9 samples 64, 16 samples, 128, 1 sample, 256, 2 samples were reported. MIC for cefotaxime in the dilutions 16٫13samples, 32٫9samples, 64, 5 samples, 128, 8 samples, 256, 4 samples were determined. Of the 40strains ESBL the frequency of TEM was 52.5%; however, blaPER and blaVEB genes were not detected among ESBL producing isolates.
Discussion & Conclusions: Frequency of Escherichia coli producing ESBL was 40% in city of Ilam and TEM gene in ESBL- producing E.coli isolated is the most common gene in Ilam City.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Investigation on the Dust Dispersion (PM10 and PM2.5) by Doroud Cement Plant and Study of Its Individual Exposure Rates
64
75
FA
Heshmat
, Nourmoradi
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Yusef
Omidi Khaniabadi
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Gholamreza
Goudarzi
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Mehdi
Jourvavd
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Komeila
Nikmehr
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Dust originated from cement production is one of the most important environmental problems. Doroud Cement Plant is one of pollutant industries in Doroud Township. The aim of this study was to survey the dust amounts measuring (PM10 and PM2.5), air quality investigation in terms of PM10 and PM2.5 and compute of individual exposure rate.
Materials & methods: In this analytical-description study, Dust Truck Model TSI 8520 was used for the sampling of particulate matter. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were evaluated in 10 sampling stations in surrounding of cement plant according to the EPA guideline. These stations were important in terms of exposure with dust. The data was analyzed by SPSS-16.0 software and statistics tests of One-way ANOVA and T-test.
Findings: The results of this study showed that the maximum concentration of PM10
and PM2.5 was 61.4±12.02 µg/m3 and 36.8±2.12 µg/m3, respectively. In 3.06 % of the samples of PM10, the air quality was in unhealthy state and 100 % of the samples of PM2.5, the air quality were reported to be in good condition. In addition, the amounts of personal exposure with PM10 and PM2.5 were in the range of 491.2-614 μg-h/m3 and 294.4-368 μg-h/m3, respectively.
Discussion & Conclusions: Increase of dust concentration from the plant stack has been transferred the irritant and hazardous pollutants to the Doroud Township and residential areas. Therefore, it is recommended that novel methods such as Bag Filters, Bag Houses and Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) should be used to reduce the dust from stack.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Simultaneous Removal of Phenol and Cadmium by using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Nano-Photocatalytic Process UV/TiO2 from Aqueous Solution: A kinetic Study
76
88
FA
Mohamad Reza
Samar GHandi
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
mohamad taghi
samadi
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
jamal
mehralipoor
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Roya
Harati
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Phenol and Cadmium are of common components used in industries wastewater such as petroleum refining, petrochemicals, and pesticides. The aim of this study was simultaneous removal of Cadmium and Phenol from aqueous solution by using Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in nano-photocatalytic process UV/TiO2.
Materials & methods: This experimental study in lab-scale batch was accomplished by using photo-reactor equipped with a 125 W low-pressure mercury vapor lamp and with Wavelength 247.3 nm and intensity 1020 µW/cm2 and emphasis on the effect of various parameters; such as pH (3-11), nano-particles doses (0.25-3 g/L) and Phenol, Cadmium at a concentration of (5-20 mg/L), presence of Format and removal rate of COD was investigated.
Findings: The obtained results showed that optimum pH in the removal of Cadmium and phenol is 7. The presence of each of pollutants has positive role in increasing the removal of other contaminants. The presence of Phenol cause increase removal of Cadmium and presence of Cadmium cause increase removal of Phenol. Removal efficiency of COD by UV/TiO2 process after 120 min was obtained %71.4. Obtained results of experimental kinetics showed that Phenol and Cadmium removal kinetics was followed (by both photocatalytic processes) of equations zero-order and pseudo-first order, respectively. By changing in conditions of experiment, the degradation efficiency decreases in this process.
Discussion & Conclusions: The result of this study showed that nano-photocatalytic process UV/TiO2 in pilot scale has high efficiency as an effective method in simultaneous removal of phenol and Cadmium from aqueous solution.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Validation of likert form Death Depression Scale in an university students samples
89
97
FA
ali
mohammadzadeh
Payame Noor University, Tehran
akbar
rezaei
Payame Noor University, Tehran
seyed ebrahim
Aghazadeh
Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch
Introduction: The Death Depression Scale is made to measure pathological attitudes towards death. This scale has two options and likert forms.The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the Likert version of Death depression Scale (DDS) in an university students samples.
Materials & methods: The current study was conducted in correlational context. A group of 894 students from Tabriz universities in 2012, using Stratified random sampling method, took part in this research. Participants answered to the Death Depression Scale (DDS). Data were analyzed using explanatory factor analysis of variance and Pierson correlation methods.
Results: Factor Analysis results showed multidimensional structure of scale and extracted three factors which were labeled death despair/ death finality, death loneliness & death acceptance which accounted for 59.43 % of variances. Concurrent validity reported parallel using of Death Anxiety Scale, showing good coefficient (P<0/001, r= 0/73). However three types of reliabilities (test retest, split half & internal constancy) were reported.
Discussion & Conclusions: In comparison with two options format, Likert form of Death Depression Scale is saturated by three factors, and has relatively higher validity and reliability. Thus it can be used, as valid measure, in death related studies.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Heterotopic pregnancy, A case report
98
103
FA
sanam
moradan
Semnan University of Medical Sciences
mojghan
rahmanian
Semnan University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Heterotopic pregnancy occurs when intrauterine and ectopic implantation happens simultaneously. This type of pregnancy is extremely rare and the incidence is about 1 in 100 to 1 in 30000 of pregnancy. However, a heterotopic pregnancy usually occurs after using assisted reproductive technology, their occurrence in natural cycles is extremely rare.
Case report: A 28- year- old woman with prior term pregnancy was referred to the hospital with complain of acute abdominal pain .She had no history of infertility and was a known case of polycystic ovarian syndrome. Every day she used a tablet of metformin from 1 month ago.
Heterotopic pregnancy were diagnosed in 8 week plus 4 days of gestation by using the titrate
Of BHCG and serial sonography and the fetus in the uterine cavity was missed. Laparotomy were Performed and a ruptured ampullary ectopic gestation was present in left tube. Therefore, left tube Salpingectomy and dilation plus curettage were performed. Heterotopic pregnancy was confirmed by histopathologic evaluation.
Discussion & Conclusions: Heterotopic pregnancy could occur in natural cycle. In regard to metformin as a risk factor of occurrence of heterotopic pregnancy, more studies are needed.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
The Effect of the HIIT on Adiponectin in Adipose Tissue and Plasma Insulin and Glucose in Male Rats
104
113
FA
Valiasr Rafsanjan University
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman
Introduction: Obesity is the consequence of an excess of adipose tissue, resulting from an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. Exercise training due to increase energy expenditure, can play an affective role in decrease adipose tissue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on adipose tissue levels of adiponectin and plasma insulin and glucose in male rats.
Materials & methods: 20 male rats (8 week years old) were randomly divided in to two training and control groups and each group consists of 10 rats. Training program performed in 5 weeks, and 5 sessions per week. Male wistar rats completed 6 HIIT bouts with 2 minutes duration and 37 m/min in first week, between each bout, rats resting for one minute. In second, third and fourth weeks, number of bouts increased respectively to 7, 9 and 10. In the final week (fifth week), 12 HIIT bouts with 52 m/min speed performed. To measure study variables, 72 hours after last exercise training session, blood samples were collected and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue removed. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data.
Findings: Significant increase in levels of visceral adipose tissue Adiponectin (p<0/001) and significant decrease of plasma insulin (p<0/001) were observed in training group. But variation in levels of Adiponectin in subcutaneous adipose tissue and plasma glucose were not significant (p>0/05).
Discussion & Conclusions: The results of present study indicated that HIIT can result in increase in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue levels of adiponectin. In the present study improvement in insulin sensitivity are related to increase levels of adiponectin in adipose tissue and HIIT as effective factor induce decrease adipose tissue as well.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Designing the Minimum Data Set for Iranian Children’ Health Records
114
125
FA
maryam
darabi
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
ali
delpisheh
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Eskandar
Gholami Parizad
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
mohtaram
nematollahi
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
Roksana
Sharifian
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
Introduction:Minimum data set(MDS) is the first important step in the development of healthcare information systems, becauseit makes a standard method for collecting key data elements .The aim of the current study was to determine the minimum data set forIranian children's healthcare records.
Materials & methods: This study is an applied and descriptive-comparative research carried out in 2015. Data collection was done through a researcher made check list of children's health care data which was modeled by observing Australia, Canada, United States and Iran and contained 242 items. The check list was subjected to debate in Delphi method by 20 experts in the field of Child Health and health information management.
Findings: Out of 242 elements of children's health care discussed, 146 and 86 agreed by more than %75 and by 50-75% of experts respectively while 10 elements were rejected by them. Out of 242 items,just two (contraceptive method and mother unsuccessful experience in previous lactation) showed significant differences between responses of alumni groups of pediatrician, midwifery, public health and health care management experts with medical record and information management professionals (P<0.05).
Discussion & Conclusions: This study showed that some of the essential data elements presented in other countries’MDS are required for Iranian organizations and health care providers. So, a complete list of a minimum set of data elements was created.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Aluminum Levels in the Sera of Patients with Alzheimer\'s Disease and its Relationship with Disease Stage 3 Compared with Control Group
126
132
FA
Seyed Mahmoud
Tabatabaei
Islamic Azad University, Tabriz
Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases which is associated with cognitive, behavior and motoral impairments. The main symptom of this disease is dementia, which may cause difficulties in carrying out daily practices. According to multifactorial nature of the disease and its several causing factors, studies have raised the hypothesis that serum levels of some metals may be involved in causing of AD. One of these metals is aluminum. The aim of this study was to evaluate aluminum levels in Alzheimer patient's serum with severity of disease on one hand and comparing it in patients and healthy individuals on the other hand.
Materials & methods: In this study a group of patients with a definite diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease were assessed with Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) for severity of illness. The amount of aluminum in serum was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in each patient and control groups. The relationship between the aluminum and the severity of disease was examined.
Findings: 50 patients (26 male / 24 female) and 50 healthy subjects (29 male / 21 female) were enrolled in the study. Serumic Aluminum levels in patients and controls were 37.17± 17ug/L and 23.38±30 ug/L respectively (p= 0.006). Also the serumic aluminum was significantly associated with severity of disease (r = 0.913 and p< 0.001).
Discussion & Conclusions: The study indicated that significant differences of the serumic Aluminum levels between Alzheimer's disease and normal subjects and Aluminum can be raised as a environmental factor in causing & severity of AD.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
The Efficacity of Abelmoschus esculentus Fruit on Insulin Control in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
133
143
FA
Shahrzad
Masoudi
Kharazmi University
Shahrbanoo
Oryan
Kharazmi University
Fakhri-alsadat
Hoseini
Alzahra University
Rozbe
Fallahi
Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to defective secretion or activity of insulin or both. This study was done to investigate the effects of oral administration of Abelmoschus Esculentus (AE) fruits on blood levels of glucose and insulin in diabetic rats.
Matherials & methods: 25 animals were grouped into five: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), and 3 diabetic groups that received 200,400 and 600 mg/kg/body weight of AE powder in their standard food. NC and DC groups fed with standard food. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single doze intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60 mg/kg/body weight in diabetic groups. The period of experiment was 3 weeks after confirming diabetes induction and each group received its particular diet at this time. Blood samples were collected at the end of experiments. Obtained data were analyzed with excel and SPSS software.
Findings: The results indicated that glucose level in DC group not only shows significant growth compared with NC group but also show significant reduction and reaches to normal level in treated diabetic group compared with DC group. Insulin level in DC group shows significant reduction compared with NC group but despite of significant increase of insulin level in each treated diabetic groups, only 200mg/kg bw treated group showed normal level of insulin compared with DC group.
Discussion & Conclusions: Despite of not getting to normal level of insulin in upperdose of treated groups, AE fruit could get glucose to normal levels in each treated groups.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Distinct Pattern of CC Chemokine 2 and 5 in Post-Transurethral Resection of Bladder Cancer
144
153
FA
mozhgan
moogooei
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
gholamhossein
hassanshahi
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
hossein
khorramdelazad
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
maryam
moogooei
Shahid sedoghi Yazd University of Medical Sciences
shirin
fattahpour
University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan
Introduction: The complex network of chemokines and their receptors play an important role in development and metastasis of tumors. This study examines the mRNA expression rate of CCR2 and CCR5 and also the serum levels of CCL2 and CCL5 in patients with bladder transitional cells carcinoma before and after transurethral resection (TUR) surgery.
Materials & methods: In the present study, 40 male patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and 40 healthy subjects were included in the study. The blood samples were collected before TUR surgery and 28 days thereafter. Also, tumor and normal tissue samples were collected during the operation from12 of these patients. The CCR2 and CCR5 gene expressions of normal and tumor tissues were determined grossly and also in PBLs using real-time PCR technique. The protein levels of CCL2 and CCL5 in PBLs were investigated using ELISA technique.
Findings: The CCR2 and CCR5 gene expression in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue, and in PBLs after TUR surgery compared to pre-surgery rate showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). In examination, the serum levels of CCL2 and CCL5 in patients with cancer compared to normal subjects showed a significant increase (P < 0.05). In this study, the serum levels of CCL2 and CCL5 showed a distinct behavior; thus, the post- operative serum levels of CCL2 significantly increased, while the serum levels of CCL5 significantly reduced (P < 0.05).
Discussion & Conclusions: This study showed variations of chemokine / receptor axis of CCL2 / CCR2 which in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue, and in PBLs after TUR surgery compared to pre-surgery rate showed a significant increase. variations of chemokine / receptor axis of.CCL5 / CCR5 is so different, serum levels of CCL5 significantly reduced. It seems that the nature of the tumor cells acts differently in producing and expressing CCL2 / CCR2 and CCL5 / CCR5. While it is generally expected that with tumor progression, the ligand and the receptor rates will increase which is important and requires further research, particularly regarding solid tumors. However, physical removal of the tumor has not a profound role in expression and secretion of studied chemokines.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Molecular Identification of Escherichia coli EPEC Isolated from Children Under the Age of 5 Years by Multiplex PCR in Kermanshah
154
161
FA
zahra
nazari
Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University
Gholamaliye
Moradli
Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University
Bita
Bakhshi
Tarbiat Modares University
Introduction: Infection Diarrhea is one of the most common causes of death in children. Each year, approximately two million people die worldwide of diarrhea. Entropathogenic E. coli is the most common cause of the acute and chronic diarrhea in children in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the EPEC pathotype genes and their antibiotic resistance among isolated bacteria from suspected cases of diarrhea children under age of 5 years.
Materials & methods: A total of 150 fecal samples of diarrheic children referred to Kermanshah hospital were collected during 5 months. 55 isolates were confirmed as E.coli by biochemical and microbiological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility were tested by disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Multiple PCR assay was used to identify pathotype geneseae and BFP.
Findings: E.coli isolates were reported resistant to imipenem (100%) and tetracycline (73.34%) and were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (100%) and gentamicin (96.66 %). Results of M-PCR showed that three isolated (5.4%) have eae gene.
Discussion & Conclusions: Because of the importance of E.Coli as the main cause of diarrhea in children in developing countries, and due to increasing consumption and resistance to antibacterial agents, it is a threat for the health of patients. This study shows that the incidence of Atypical E.coli is more than typical prevalence.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Study of Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetics of Naphthalene from Aqueous Solutions by Multi -Wall Carbon Nanotubes
162
173
FA
sahere
fazlollahi
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
amirhesam
hassani
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
mehdi
borghei
Sharif University
hamidreza
pourzamani
Esfahan University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Most of the early aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene with two benzene rings causes anemia and damage to the retina. It is also toxic to plants and aquatic.The removal of this compound from water by multi-walled carbon nanotubes with the aim of determining the removal efficiency and optimum variables examination are reviewed.
Matherials & methods: This study was done in Batch reactor to investigate the effects of Variations such as contact time ) 5،15،30،60،90،120،180 min), naphthalene concentration (0.1, 0.5,1,3,5,7.5,10,15mg/l and dose of nanotubes (0.01,0.05,0.1, 0.2,0.3,0.5,1,2)gr/l and pH(3,5,7,10in concentration3,7.5,10mg/l of naphthalene in removal of naphthalene. Experimental data were evaluated with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models for adsorption equilibrium and different isotherm models for kinetics of absorption were analyzed by comparing the total number coefficient of samples by the software.
Findings: Maximum surface adsorption of naphthalene onto multi-walledcarbon nanotubes was 33.3 mg/gr and maximum adsorption had occurred at acidic pH (pH =3), And appropriate time for receiving maximum adsorption of naphthalene and equalizationstate is 90 min. with increasing the adsorbent dose fro0.2 to 0.3 gr / l, removal efficiency of naphthalenesolution with 10 mg/l initial concentration increased from 97 %to 99.99 %, andwith increasing naphthaleneinitial concentration from 3 to 10 mg/l, removal efficiency increased from 73.33to 99.99 % at pH=3 after 90min. Adsorption mechanism consistent with freundlichIsoterm (R2=0.99)and followed pseudo first-order kinetics. (R2=0.96)
Discussion & Conclusions: Due to small size, large surface area and consequently very high reactivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, this adsorbent could be effective for removal of
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Effect of Yellow Plant Aloevera and Alcoholic Extract of Propolison Improving Diabetic Rat Ulcers
174
185
FA
Mina
jafari
semnan University of Medical Sciences
Abdolhossein
Shiravi
Damghan Branch,Islamic Azad university
Pirasteh
Norouzi
Shahroud University of Medical Sciences
Mehdi
Khaksari
Shahroud University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Ulcer and its complications can cause many problems for patients. Therefore, understanding the factors that can influence wound healing and prevent the spread of damage is important. The study aimed to identify factors affecting wound healing yellow Aloevera plant and propolis extracts.
Materials & methods: In this study, 50 male wistar rats (180-130Grm) were randomly selected and divided into five groups: control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with Aloevera plant, diabetic rats treated with propolis extract and diabetic rats treated with their combination. Then each of five groups after being injured 2 cm in length, were made on the skin and the wound healing process was followed daily. Wound area was measured at the next days and MATLAB software was used for calculating the percentage of wound healing. In order to study pathology on days 4, 7, 14 and 21 of the wounds were sampled and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the differences between the groups and Tukey post hoc test was used to specify where the difference occurred.
Findings: The mean healing time in the experimental group treated with a combination of Aloevera plant and propolis extract was less than the other groups (P≤0.01). Also, the histological study Confirmed improvement in skin texture treatment with Aloevera plant and propolis extract significant difference compared to the other groups (P≤0.01).
Diacussion & Conclusions: The study showed that topical administration of Aloevera plant and propolis extract accelerate healing of diabetic ulcers.
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
24
1
2016
4
1
Study of Effective Factors on Prediction of Mental Disorder in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Based on Logestic Regression
186
198
FA
Elham
Shafiei
Kashan University of Medical Science
Esmaeil
Fakharian
Kashan University of Medical Science
Abdollah
Omidi
Kashan University of Medical Science
Hossein
Akbari
Kashan University of Medical Science
Ali
Delpisheh
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Severebrain injurycan make peoplesusceptible to mental disorder.However, themildtraumatic braininjuryisstill open for discussion.The objectives of thisstudy was topredict theriskofmental disordersafter mildtraumaticbraininjury.
Materials & methods: Thisprospectivecohort studywasdoneon72patients withMTBIand 72other healthy controls.After6 months offollow-up, the individualswere assessed formemory testandtheirresponses toquestionnairesof DERS, BSI,and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) as well.Then, the risk ofmental disordersin terms ofdemographic variablesandpredictive valueof eachpatient wascalculated.
Findings: The results oflogistic regression modelshowed thatthe mildtraumatic braininjury, increases the risk ofmental disorder6months after thetraumaup to 11 times.After the injury, level of education (4.287 = OR), economic situation, (2.497 = OR), and age (1.07 = OR), enhances the risk of mental disorders.
Discussion & Conclusions: Mental disordersafter TBIare closelyassociated with demographic factors(level of education andeconomic status) andpsychologicalfactors.Based on the data gained inthisstudy,educational, psychiatric,and psychologicalinterventionscould be prioritized and accounted forprevention andbetter management ofsymptoms ofmental disordersin the patients.