@article{ author = {raeeisi, a and mobasheri, m and karimi, f and saberinejad, f}, title = {Assessment of Diphteria,Tetanus and Pertusis Vaccine-associated Complications in theChildren under 7 Years Old in Shahrekord in 2010-1012}, abstract ={Introduction: Examining unwanted compli-cations of immunization is one of the new plans in healthcare system which guara-ntees higher quality of the services in the immunization expanding plans. Vaccination related complications are among the conc-erns in children immunization which may lead to not referring to the next vaccination times. This study was aimed to determine the rate of DTP vaccine-associated children in children less than seven years in Shah-rekord. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 360 ch-ildren under seven years old referring to health and treatment centers of Shahrekord city for Diphteria,Tetanus and Pertusis (DTP) vaccination from the beginning of autumn 2010 to the end of summer 2011. The children under study were con-trolled and monitored from the time of injection to one week afterward and their complications were examined through a questionnaire filled out by their parents. Findings: In this study, 291(80.8%) of the children developed vaccination complica-tions. 95.5% of the complications were mild and 0.7% of them were severe. In 90.3% of cases, reason of the complications was related to the vaccination reaction and in the rest (1.4%), the reason came from the vaccine storing condition. 40.2% of the complications consisted of redness, infla-mmation, and pain at the injection site. 99% of complications were completely recov-ered and only 1% of the children were hos-pitalized. Discussion & Conclusion: Although va-ccinetion-associated complications are mai-nly mild and transient and even the majority of them need no pharmacologic treatment, however we do need a coordinated plan for timely reporting, precise registration of information, and promotion of personnel’s and parents’ knowledge.}, Keywords = {Vaccination, immunization, va-ccination-derived complications, DTP vaccine}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1768-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1768-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mirzaei, Asad and Rouhani, Soheila and Parvizi, Parviz}, title = {Detection and determination of Leishmania parasite in reservoir hosts of Leishmaniasis in Isfahan province using routine laboratory methods and molecular tools}, abstract ={Introduction: Leishmaniasis is one of the six important tropical diseases so that World Health Organization have recommended and supported to study its different aspect. Leishmaniasis is one of endemic parasitic disease in Iran and Isfahan province is one of the focus of Leishmaniasis in Iran. Material & Methods: Reservoir hosts of ZCL were captured by live trap. Rodents species were identified. Smear of each ear were prepared by scratching ear. Serous from rodent ears were isolated then, inoculated to NNN, injected to susceptible animal. Slides were prepared to find Leishmania using microscope. DNAs were extracted by ISH Horovize method and gene was amplified by Nested PCR and directly were sequenced. Finding: 50 rodents were trapped from 4 study regions. 40 Rhombomis opimus and 10 Meriones lybicus were traped. Leishmania infections were found(57%) in R. opimus and M. lybicus using conventional methods( direct smear, inoculation in Balb/C and in NNN medium). Detection of Leishmania major in those rodents was confirmed molecularly(%54). Sequencing results of samples confirmed two diferrent haplotypes of L. major in Isfahan rodents. Discussion & Conclusion: Based on finding, abundant of R. opimus and high Leishmania infection in this rodent it seem that R. opimus is the main reservoir of Leishmania major in Isfahan province followed by M. libycus as a second reservoir host of ZCL.}, Keywords = {Leishmania major, Rhombomis opimus, Meriones lybicus, Nested-PCR, ITS-rDNA }, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {7-15}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-982-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-982-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {yaghobi, abolghasem and mohagheghi, hosein and chegini, ali asghar and mohammadzadeh, sarveh}, title = {Relationship between attachment styles, Nutrition type , ( Breastfeeding , dry milk) weaning style (suddenly or gradual) with communication styles interpersonal trust in adulthood}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: Child-mothers Primary relationship is the base of next relationship in adulthood. for a health interpersonal relationship trust is an important factor.researchers emphasize on mother-child relationship in infancy & show that individual mental health/disease in adulthood affected by Child-mothers Primary relationship.and this effect communication styles & trust in interpersonal relationship in adulthood.hence this study aimed to investigation of relationship between attachment, Nutrition type ,( Breastfeeding , dry milk)weaning style (suddenly or gradual)with communication styles interpersonal trust in adulthood. Materials and Methods: sample of this study includes 180 case(95 men & 90 women)aged 16-26 years that filled attachment styles, communication styles & interpersonal trust questionnaire information about , Nutrition type & weaning style gathered from an oral interview of their mother Findings: Nutrition type & weaning styles didn’t have any significant relation with communication styles & interpersonal trust . there is a significant relationship between gender , Battler communication style & interpersonal trust(p<0.05). there is not significant relation ship between attachment styles and communication styles but there was a significant relationship between attachment styles & interpersonal trust(p=0.00). Discussion ;Conclusion: attachment styles have a significant relationship with communication styles & interpersonal trust.hence mothers education about response their children needs can be an important act in formulation the health interpersonal relationship in adulthood.}, Keywords = {Breastfeeding, Nutrition, communication styles, trust}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {16-24}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1273-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1273-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {norimogohi, mh and khanzad, m and rastegar, t}, title = {Effect of nitric oxide inhibition on weight changes and histology of renal in pregnant rats.}, abstract ={Introduction: According to the important role of Nitric oxide (NO) in many biological processes in cells and tissues, in this study we examined the inhibitory effects of L-NAME on weight and histology of a pregnant rat kidney. Materials and Methods: 24 Wistar rats weighing 200- 250 gr with a mean age of 8 weeks upon observing vaginal plaque that has been considered as day zero of pregnancy were divided in 3 groups of 8. Except the control group the remaining groups received normal saline (1mg/kg/ip), L-NAME (1 mg/kg/ip) during 3, 4 and 5th days of pregnancy. On the 18th day of pregnancy the rats were anesthetized by ether and via laparotomy the kidneys were removed. Kidneys fixed in 10% formalin and after tissue sample preparation, general (H + E) staining was performed. Finally the Histomorphological changes were studied by light microscopy. Findings:Despite the increasing in weight of the L-NAME group, There was no significant differences between groups (P<0.01) but in L-NAME group were observed disorder of the cortex and capsule of a kidney, immune cell infiltration, and congestion blood vessels. Discussion ;Conclusion: Results of this study showed that L-NAME in pregnancy can cause damage in kidney tissue via decreasing levels of NO. Keywords: Kidney, Nitric oxide, L-NAME}, Keywords = {Keywords: Kidney, Nitric oxide, L-NAME}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {25-30}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Cheraghi, Fatemeh and Pakseresht, Maryam and Parsa, Parisa and roshanaei, ghodratolah and Basiri, Behnaz}, title = {Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care on Premature Newborns’ Pain due to Invasive Procedures in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Fatemieh, Hamadan}, abstract ={Introduction: Using non-invasive techniques are necessary to reduce the premature infant pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on premature newborns’ pain due to invasive procedures in neonatal intensive care unit. Materials & Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 70 hospitalized preterm infants were selected and then randomly divided in two case and control groups. In case group, the physiological and behavioral signs of pain 15 minutes after KMC (minutes zero), during the invasive painful procedures (minutes 15) and 15 minutes after the re-establishment of KMC (minutes 30) and in control group, that signs in three same time zero (15 minutes after supine position of Infant in the incubator), 15 (during a painful procedure) and 30 (15 minutes after painful procedures) was observed and recorded by physiological & behavioral sign scale. Findings: According to results, there were significant differences between case and control group in heart rate, oxygen saturation, facial flushing and sweating from physiological signs (P<0/05). There were significant differences between case and control group in breathing pattern, the level of consciousness (P<0/05), positioning arms and legs (P<0/01) from behavioral signs. Discussion & Conclusion: KMC is an applicable and non-invasive method to relieve hospitalized premature newborns’ pain due to painful invasive procedures in neonatal intensive care unit.}, Keywords = {Preterm infant, Pain, Kangaroo care}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {31-40}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1307-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1307-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {tatar, f and Jaafarzadeh-Haghighifard, n and omidinasab, m and hashemi, f}, title = {Anaerobic-Aerobic attached sequencing batch reactor lab scale performance evaluation related to the orthophosphate removal from secondary treatment effluent}, abstract ={Introduction: For phosphorus removal, different methods of water treatment system using chemical, physical and biological systems have been used. Sequencing batch reactor system (SBR) is modified activated sludge processes that can removal the excess phosphorus from the municipal wastewater. In this study we evaluates the application of SBR for orthophosphate removing from the secondary treated wastewater in lab scale , and determining the effects of anaerobic detention time, sequencing alternatives and the time proportioning on the phosphorous removal efficiency. Materials & Methods: In this study by using of a FSBR with the 2 liters useful volume based on the plastic spices as the attached growth bed. Synthetic wastewater feeding has done by using of the starch, glucose, urea and dihydrogen ammonium phosphate. COD of the wastewater was equal to 35 mg/l with Nitrogen and phosphorus content 26 and 12 mg/l respectively .Treatment began with the 24 hr cycle. The numbers of operational series were 5 and the numbers of running days were 5 days. In 4 series of the operations ,FSBR steps were filling, anaerobic phase, aerobic phase , rest and discharge, and the anaerobic detention times seri of the operation the steps were first, second ,third and fourth seriyal were 4,6,8 and 10 hrs respectively. In seri operation the steps were filling, anaerobic phase, aerobic phase , rest and discharge respectively. Findings:Our study showed that the phosphorus removal efficiencies for to series of the operations were 57.5%,52.33%, 55.83% and 33.08% respectively and for the seri of the operations was no any phosphorous removal efficiency. Discussion & Conclusion: The study results showed that by a decreasing the anaerobic phase detention time to 4 hours, (the minimum time),the phosphorous removal efficiency was the maximum, but by sequence changing from anaerobic to the aerobic phase at the beginning step, the phosphorous removal was decreased severely.}, Keywords = {phosphorus, FSBR, sewage, SBR, sequencing batch reactor}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-51}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1175-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1175-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {narimani, M and YaghutiZargar, h and Abolghasemi, A and nasrollahi, A and Ahmadi, V and dadfar, r and Shikhakbari, f}, title = {study the effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on the enhancement of social, affective and health adjustment of prisoners}, abstract ={Introduction: Since low adjustment is one of the main problems prisoners struggling with and considered to be one of the reasons for their tendency toward dangerous behaviors, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of desensitization by eye movements and reprocessing on enhancement of social, affective and health adjustment of prisoners. Method of study: This study was designed based on experimental method and by pretest and posttest model with control group. A sample of 40 individuals was taken (based on the type of their crimes) from prisoners in Ardebil's central jail with jail sentences as long as 4 months using stratified random sampling method. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Bel adjustment questionnaire were used to collect data which was completed in both pretest and posttest by experimental and control groups. Treatment of desensitization with eye movements and reprocessing was conducted during four sessions on experimental group and during which control group was not involved. . Data was analyzed using covariance analysis test. Findings: the results from this investigation indicated that the average grades for social, affective and health adjustment in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: treatment of desensitization by eye movements and reprocessing were effective on enhancing the adjustment of male prisoners. Therefore jails' psychologists can play a substantial role in enhancement of the adjustment of these people by teaching this short term treatment method and implementing it on sentenced people upon their entrance to jail.}, Keywords = {EMDR, Self-esteem, adjustment, prisoner}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {52-58}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1355-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1355-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {VahdatShariatpanahi, Zahra and VahdatShariatpanahi, maryam}, title = {Comparing the Effect of Presenting the Course of Nutrition as Problem Based Learning with Method of Lecture in Level of Learning and Presence in the Class in midwifery Students}, abstract ={Introduction: Problem Based learning help students to develop understanding and learning skills. The aim of this study was to compare the presentation of theoretical nutrition course through PBL method with that of contemporary method of lecture. Methods: In this quasi experimental study, 20 midwifery students of Ilam University of Medical Sciences who took the course of nutrition were entered into the survey through census. The first 8 sessions of course was instructed through lecture and the second 8 sessions through problem based learning method. At the end of two periods, mean level of score exams, presence in class, mean time for studying and percent of satisfaction were compared. Data was analyzed by SPSS software Results: The mean score of exam was significantly higher in second period of study. The mean time for studying and absence were significantly lower in second period of study. The mean score of satisfaction was significantly higher in the second period of study. There was no difference in mean days of absence between two groups (P= 0/6) Conclusion: The method of Problem Based Learning could be successful in increasing level of knowledge of students.}, Keywords = {Problem based learning, Nutrition course, Midwife students, contemporary learning}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {59-63}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1161-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1161-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {vatankhah, m and akbarishayeh, y and delavar, m and ryahi, f and pak, s}, title = {Mediating Role of neuroticism and agreeableness in Relationship Between sensation seeking and pre-addiction in Students of Firdausi Mashhad University}, abstract ={Abstract Background: The purpose of this study was to study the mediating role of neuroticism and Compromise in relationship between Sensation seeking and pre-addiction in students. Methods: The study population included 205 student (93 boys and 112 girls) of Ferdossi Mashad University that selected randomly through accessible sampling. Subjects completed sensation seeking, NEO-FFI and pre-addiction questionnaires. Data analyzed with interactional multiple regression. Result: This study showed that there was a positive significant relationship between sensation seeking and pre-addiction. But result of interactional multiple regression showed that just neuroticism had a mediating role in relationship between sensation seeking and pre-addiction. Conclusion: Whereas neuroticism had a mediating role we concluded that always sensation seeking and pre-addiction in regard to personal trait (neuroticism) have correlation.}, Keywords = {Keywords: pre-addiction/sensation seeking/ neuroticism/agreeableness}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {64-70}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1337-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1337-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {jafari, hedie and taherikalak, abdolhosain and safarzade, alirez}, title = {Effect of repeated bouts of resistance and endurance exercise on immunological responses in athlete girls}, abstract ={Abstract Purpose: The studies has been shown that insufficient recovery between sessions cause immune suppression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of repeated bouts resistance and endurance exercise on blood leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes count and plasma cortisol levels in athlete girls. Materials and Methods:19 athlete girls (ages, 20- 25 yr), volunteers participated in the study, in two phase and two separate days performed two experimental protocols. At first, subject performed two bouts of resistance exercise (8 exercise with 65% 1RM) at 09:00 and 15:00. After one week rest, subject performed two bouts of endurance exercise (60 min cycling on 65% HR Reserve) at same time. Blood samples were taken before and after each bout and 1 hour after second bout of exercise. Statistical analysis was performed using a Kolmogroph-Smirnoff, independent t-test and ANOVA with repeated measure. Results: Repeated bouts endurance exercise significantly increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes count and plasma cortisol levels, but of repeated bouts resistance exercise only significantly increased blood lymphocytes count (P˂0.05). Comparison of two type exercise indicate only significantly difference in blood monocytes count (P˂0.05). Conclusion: This results has been shown that no significantly difference between repeated bouts of resistance and endurance exercise in a day, on immunological variables and cortisol hormone.}, Keywords = {Key words: immune system, leukocyte, cortisol}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {71-76}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1322-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1322-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {nourmoradi, heshmatollah and karimi, haji and alihosseini, afshar and baghi, a and farokhimoghadam, k}, title = {Survey on the Performance of Ilam Wastewater Treatment Plant in the Removal of Coliform, Fecal Coliforms and other Parameters Effected on Water Quality}, abstract ={Introduction: Using aerated lagoons for the treatment of municipal wastewater in the areas with warm and cold climate is convenient if the enough and cheap land is existed. Because of the strict environmental regulations, water resources shortage and the necessity of effluent reuse, treatment of municipal wastewater by aerated lagoons is easily feasible. This study was investigated to evaluate the performance of aerated lagoons of Ilam city from September 2012 to May 2013. Materials & Methods: The sampling (eighteen samples) from inlet and outlet of the treatment plant was conducted during nine continuously months. The performance of the waste water treatment plant was carried out using indices such as BOD5, COD, TSS, TN, total coliform and fecal coliform in the influent and effluent. All the experiments were conducted according to the standard method for the examination of water and wastewater reference and the results were analyzed by Excel and SPSS (Pearson's correlation and T-test) softwares. Findings: The raw wastewater analysis was showed that it's pollution strength was in the range of intermediate wastewaters. The removal efficiency of the treatment plant for BOD5, COD, TSS, TN, total coliform and fecal coliform were 80.49%, 78.82%, 82.6%, 16.59%, 23.75% and 51.85%, respectively. Discussion & Conclusion: The results indicated that the treatment plant did not have convenient efficiency according to the environmental standards. Therefore, the appropriate measures are required to modify and upgrade of the treatment plant units capacity.}, Keywords = {Ilam, Municipal Wastewater Treatment, Aerated Lagoon, Coliform, Fecal Coliform, Removal Efficiency. }, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {77-83}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1424-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1424-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {zolghi, e and godarzi, gh and gravandi, s and mohamadi, m and vosoghinayeri, m and visi, e and golpaygani, h and saeedimehr, s}, title = {Estimate of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases related to particle matter pollutant in Tabriz air, northwest of Iran, 2011}, abstract ={Introduction: aerosols as a branch of pollutants have a variety of types and complexity. It has been proved that exposure with aerosols (particle matter) in different sizes can increase the risk of heart diseases and respiratory problems. Tabriz as the center of east Azerbaijan is one of the most populated and polluted cities in Iran. This research aims to estimate heart and respiratory diseases related to PM10 pollutant in 2011. Methodology: First the PM10 concentration required was measured by GRIMM from Tabriz Environment Organization. Stations were“Namaz square (in the beginning of Rasteh koucheh)”, “Hakim Nazemi”, “Baghshomal”, and “Railway”. The parameters of temperature and pressure were collected through Tabriz Meteorological Organization., Then, this data were processed by Excel software through correcting temperature and pressure, coding, averaging and filtering. Finally, the data processed were entered to Air Q)Air Quality Health Impact Assessment( model. This model includes four screen inputs (Supplier, AQ data, Location, Parameter) and two output screens (Table and Graph). Findings: the results of sampling showed that the maximum concentration of PM10 was related to Namaz square station as 87.95 µg/m3 and the minimum was related to Baghshomal station at 78.33 µg/m3. The results of model showed that the number of respiratory and hearth diseases related to PM10 pollutant in Tabriz air was 1088 and 420, respectively, in 2011. Conclusion & discussion: The cumulative number of heart diseases had a decrease of 31 compared to that in 2008. The greatest number of cardiovascular diseases (44) was at concentration interval of 70-88 µg/m3. With the increase of each 10 µg/m3 of PM10 concentration, the risk of cardiovascular diseases in Tabriz increased 0.9%. The cumulative number of respiratory diseases from PM10 reduced 79 persons compared to 2008. 68% of cases happened on the days with concentration less than 120 µg/m3. With the increase of each 10 µg/m3 of PM10 concentration the risk of respiratory diseases in Tabriz increased 0/8%. The reduction of cases of respiratory and heart diseases in 2011versus 2008 was due to the reduction of annual concentration of PM10 in 2011versus 2008.}, Keywords = {Tabriz, aerosols, heart disease, respiratory disease, AIR Q }, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {84-91}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1246-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1246-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {alimohamadi, iraj and mirzaei, feizoll}, title = {Identification and assessment of risk a killen of cement factory with RPN and critically matrix approaches of FMECA}, abstract ={Introduction: Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), is a technique that evaluates and documents analyze of failure modes, potential effects of any failure on the success of system, personnel and system safety, system performance and maintainability. In this study, at the first killen analyzed for two approaches, RPN and critically matrix of FMECA technique and then the results of these two approaches was compared. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess and identify the risk of a cement killen using RPN and critically matrix approaches of FMECA. Then, the results obtained from qualitative and RPN approaches were also compared with each other. In this study, the effects of defects on the production and system, how to fail, severity of fails and their criticality level and controls of fails were considered. Findings: The number of identified defects using FMECA was 100 cases. The body warping defect had the highest risk priority number (RPN=270) among the defects analyzed with approach RPN. In the qualitative approach, the defects of maximum and minimum realizing of the original gears, contact between the rotor and stator in the engine were the highest critically rate. Discussion and Conclusion: This study showed that analysis FMECA was proper tool to identify and prioritize failures of their critically, especially for the machinery and complex systems. Moreover, this study showed the significant differences between the results obtained from RPN and qualitative approaches of FMECA.}, Keywords = {Safety, FMECA, Qualitative, RPN,cement}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {92-101}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1085-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1085-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {mosavi, s and ahmadi, v and nasrollahi, a and piriabi, s and solaimani, kh and mahmoodi, t}, title = {The Relationship Between maladaptive Perfectionism And Test Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Avoidant Coping}, abstract ={Introduction: Test anxiety is an educational problem frequently experienced by college students. Almost every student who takes a test feels some anxiety, but for some, the feeling is so intense that it affects their performance. With respect to the important role of test anxiety on the students' academic achievement and psychological well being, the purpose of this research was to test the effect of neurotic perfectionism on test anxiety considering the mediating role of avoidant coping. Materials & Methods: This correlation study was performed during second educational semester (2012-2013). 150 girl students in Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz who selected randomly filled Test Anxiety Inventory(TAI), Ahvaz perfectionism scale(APS) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations( CISS-21). A regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The indirect effects were tested using Baron & Kenny (1986) method. Findings: Findings indicated that the proposed model fit the data properly. The results also supported the mediating role of avoidant coping in the relationship between neurotic perfectionism and test anxiety. Discussion & Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that high neurotic perfectionism and avoidant coping strategy exist among students with test anxiety. Therefore, these variables have the eligibility to be considered in research, especially in the treatment.}, Keywords = {test anxiety, perfectionism, avoidant coping}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {102-110}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1381-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1381-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {nawabi, amir and soleimanifard, simindokht}, title = {Some enzymatic properties of Acid phosphatase in the logarithmic and stationary phase of Leishmania major}, abstract ={Leishmania is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes a wide range of disease. This parasite is transmitted via bite of infected sandflies.and has promastigote form in sandfly. Promastigote form has two phase: none virulence logarithmic and virulence stationary phase. According to the accumulation of acid phosphatase (ACP) in stationary phase and its role in the virulence of the parasite, in this study the properties, km and Vm of ACP enzyme were measured in two logarithmic and stationary phases. Materials and Methods:The present study is a cross sectional study. To culture promastigotes, L.major(MRHO/IR/75/ER) from previously infected Balb/c mice were transferred to medium. Growth curve was generated by daily counting of the parasites and based on this curve logarithmic and stationary phases were divided. Frozen promastigotes of each stage with sodium acetate and Triton-X-100 were homogenized and ACP was measured by calorimetric assay. Results: Logarithmic and stationary parasites were collected in the fourth and seventh days respectively. The rate of ACP activity was determined: 0.9 ± 0.03 in logarithmic and 1.18 ± 0.01 µM/min/mgprotein in stationary phases. Also Vm of this enzyme was 75.76 ± 0.57 in logarithmic and 98/04 ± 0.96 in stationary phases and Km was determined 142.93 ± 4.08 µM and 106.39± 1.14 µM in logarithmic and stationary phase respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: In stationary promastigotes the rate of ACP activity and Vm were 23% higher and Km was 28% lower than in logarithmic phase. Changes in the properties of ACP is probably one of the essential factors for parasites to attack the macrophages and these variations are very important parameters in virulence of promastigotes.}, Keywords = { Leishmania major, Promastigote , Acid phosphatase , Virulence}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {111-118}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1173-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1173-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {mirghafourvand, Mojgan and MohammadAlizadehCharandabi, Sakineh and Tavananezhad, Nikta and Karkhane, Mahs}, title = {Prevalence of abnormal body mass index in adolescents in the city of Sanandaj and its socio-demographic predictors}, abstract ={Introduction: Unfortunately, today the incidence of abnormal body mass index (BMI) in adolescents is increasing for various reasons that can have a negative impact on their health. This study aimed to determine the status of BMI in adolescents and its socio-demographic predictors in adolescents was conducted in the city of Sanandaj in 1391. Materials & methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 1,500 adolescents 18-14 years (750 boys and 750 girls) enrolled in public, semi-public and private schools in the city of Sanandaj. The sampling method was random. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine socio-demographic predictors of BMI. Findings: The mean (SD) of BMI in adolescents was 20.89 (3.73) kg/m2. About a quarter of adolescents had abnormal BMI (4.9% and 21.2% respectively for lower and higher than the normal range). Gender, employment status, and use drug continually were predictors of abnormal BMI. The lower and higher range of BMI was more in boys. Frequency of higher rang of BMI was significantly more frequent in adolescent used drug continually and lower in adolescents who were working with education. Discussion & Conclusion: According to our results, the prevalence of abnormal BMI, particularly overweight and obesity is high in adolescents. It seems that further researches to determine the main reasons of this problem and practical solutions to solve it are urgent necessity for the health of adolescents and so the next generation.}, Keywords = {Key words: body mass index, adolescents, socio-demographic characteristics, obesity, overweight, underweight.}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {119-129}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1137-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1137-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {hokmabadi, mohammad ebrahim and hokmabadi, Mohammad ebrahim and nazemi, mohsen and MoshirianFarahi, Seyedeh Maryam}, title = {The Relationship between Body Mass Index, Depression and Age in Individuals Referring to the Health Center in Norabad Delfan City in 2013}, abstract ={Background: Today obesity and depression are two important diseases which are growing all over the world and threat the human health. That how much these two affect each other is a major health question. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), depression, and age among referring to health Center in Norabad Delfan City in 2013. Methods: This was a descriptive- correlational study conducted on 390 referring to the health Center in Norabad Delfan City in 2013, who were selected through stratified sampling, Based on their body mass index (BMI) individuals were classified as normal weight, overweight and obese. In addition, age groups were classified as Group 1 (ages 18 – 30), Group 2 (ages 31 - 50), and Group 3 (ages > 50). The data were collected by beck depression standard inventory self constructed questionnaires of demographic characteristic. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and coefficient Pearson's correlation. Findings: BMI was positively correlated with depression (r =./39, p < .001), and age was negatively correlated with depression (r = -.347, p < .001). Finally, a one-way ANOVA revealed younger individuals scored higher on the BDI-II across all weight groups (F(2, 139) = 8.456 p < .05). Conclusion: The present study showed that overweight and obesity leads to increases depression. All organization who have health affairs need to consider the correlation between life style and mental health as part of mental health plans for the society in order to present the complication of depression and obesity.}, Keywords = {Body Mass Index, Depression, Age}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {130-138}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1242-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1242-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Parastesh., Mohammad and Heidarianpour, ali and Saremi, Abbas}, title = {The Effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on lung function and serum leptin levels in obese men}, abstract ={Abstract Background & Purpose: Adipose tissue have an important role in inducing lung dysfunction through production and secretion of adipokins such as leptin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a period of aerobic training on lung function indices and serum leptin levels in obese men. Methods: Twenty three overweight and obese subjects were randomly assigned to aerobic training (obese EX, n = 12) (45.26±2.45 yr, body mass index (BMI) 31.81±0.77 kg/m2) and control (obese CON, n = 11) (47.03±3.36 yr, body mass index (BMI) 31.45±0.96 kg/m2) groups. Another control group (n = 9) was sampled from normal weighed individuals to compare at the base level (45.1±4.1 yr, body mass index (BMI) 24.63±0.45 kg/m2). The obese EX group participated in 12 weeks of progressive aerobic training 3 sessions a week. Body composition (CT scan), serum leptin levels and lung (pulmonary) function were measured before and after training. Results: At the baseline, the normal weight participants had significant lower serum leptin concentration and higher lung function compared with obese participants (P<0.05). Also, the results indicated that there is an inverse correlation between leptin and obesity with lung function indices (P<0.05). After the aerobic training, obesity and lung function indices were significantly improved (P<0.05). In contrast, serum leptin concentration was significantly decreased after the aerobic training program (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise improves indices of obesity and lung function in obese men which is associated with reduced levels of leptin. Keywords: Aerobic training, leptin, lung function، obesity.}, Keywords = {Keywords: Aerobic training, leptin, lung function, obesity.}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {139-146}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1271-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1271-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {bidel, zeinab and hemati, r and naserifar, r and nazarzadeh, m and delpisheh,}, title = {Association of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary arteries involvement based on angiographic findings}, abstract ={Introduction: Coronary Arteries Involvements (CAIs) are the most important causes of death due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. Therefore, recognizing the related factors is necessary in order to obtain preventive actions. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between CVD risk factors and CAIs amongst patients who were referred to the Angiographic Center, Imam Hussein hospital, Mehran city, Ilam Province, western Iran. Materials and methods: Through a cross-sectional study, 2046 records of CVD patients were reviewed between 2009 and 2012. The outcome variable was either normal or abnormal angiography result. The certain risk factors including gender, age, familial history, smoking, hypertension and blood lipids were also analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to estimate the adjusted odds ratios. Results Gender (OR=3.44, %95CI:1.02-5.58), age (OR=1.10, %95CI:1.05-1.15), familial history (OR=1.12, %95CI:1.30-1.94), smoking (OR=1.50, %95CI:1.02-1.98), systolic blood pressure (OR=1.16, %95CI:1.05-1.28), diastolic blood pressure (OR=1.04, %95CI:1.00-1.09) and HDL-cholesterol (OR=1.04, %95CI:1.00-1.08) had significantly increased risk of CAIs. Conclusion: Smoking, hypertension and low HDL-cholesterol from modifiable characteristics as well as gender, age and familial history of CVD from non-modifiable characteristics had increased the odds of CAIs. Performing longitudinal cohort studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses are recommended for future studies}, Keywords = { cardiovascular disease, coronary arteries involvement, angiography, Ilam}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {147-154}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1286-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-1286-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Hosseini-sharifabad, M and hekmatimoghadam, SH}, title = {Effect of enriched environment on the volume of the adrenal gland in prenatally stressed rat}, abstract ={Introduction: Studies show that prenatal stress causes an increase in the volumes of the adrenal gland in young prenatally stressed rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of environmental condition during adolescence on reversibility of prenatal stress-induced alterations at adrenal function and structure. Materials & methods: 2-month-old Wistar male prenatally restraint stressed rats were maintained in either an enriched-environment or standard living cages throughout the third month of life. At the end of housing period, blood corticosterone levels were measured before, after the acute stress. Also, the volume of adrenal gland was estimated using sterological techniques. Findings: Statistical analysis of data showed that corticosterone levels after the acute stress were not significantly different among control and prenatally stressed rats exposed to enrichment environment. However, these levels were significantly higher in prenatally stressed rats exposed to standard environment in comparison to other groups. The total volume and the volume of zona fasciculate of the adrenal cortex in prenatally stressed adult rats significantly decreased following enrichment of environment while it had no effect on these parameters among other animal groups. Discussion & conclusion: This experimental study showed that the enrichment of living environment could normalize the response of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis to acute stress together with decreasing the volume of cortex of adrenal gland in adult male rats whose mothers exposed to restraint stress during the last week of gestation. Keywords: Enrichment of environment, prenatal stress, stereology, Adrenal gland}, Keywords = {Enrichment of environment, prenatal stress, stereology, Adrenal gland}, volume = {22}, Number = {1}, pages = {155-164}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-519-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2014} }