@article{ author = {}, title = {Effects of Strength Training on C-reactive protein And}, abstract ={Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of power exercise on C-reactive protein and plasma fibrinogen in untrained young adult men. Materials & Methodods: The subjects investigated in this research included twenty-four healthy voluntary male students with mean age (25±1.19) years, weight (74.37±5.38) Kg, height (174.70±5.51) cm, whom were divided randomly into two groups : strength group (n=12) and control group (n=12).The strength training consisted of 12 weeks, 3 days per week in circuit pattern in 6 stations. Each training session included three sets with (70, 80, 90%) intensity of one maximum repetition (1RM) with 8, 10, and 12 repetitions in every station respectively. The rest time between each set was 30 to 60 seconds and it was 2 to 4 minutes for each station .The amount of serum CRP and plasma fibrinogen was measured by special kits, Immunoturbidimetric assay with high sensitivity and coagulative method after 12 hours fasting. Data were analyzed by dependent and independent t-test (0.05) through statistical software SPSS/16. Findings: Results showed that power exercise cause significant decrease in C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and body fat percentage. Discussion and conclusion: The results suggest, with any doubt that, as strength trainings have inverse effect on CRP and fibrinogen, so it can be used as predictors of coronary heart disease.}, Keywords = {C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, maximum strength}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {1-9}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-229-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-229-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Effects of Overcrowding on Mice Blastocyst}, abstract ={Introduction: The increase of social stress following the technological improvements appears to be an important factor that causes psychosomatic disorders and finally results in infertility. Since anxiety and depression are more prevalent in women than men, it seems the effect of stress can be observed more in female organs such as genital system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect, of stress on number and quality of flushed mice blastocysts. Materials & Methods: In our study, 50 mature female mice of the Swiss Albino species were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. Group 1 as control group(low stress group) with 5 mice in a cage (3 cages), Group 2 (high stress group) with 10 mice in a cage (2 cages), and Group 3 (high stress group) with 15 mice in a cage (1 cage). Each group was kept in a special mouse cage for one month. After 1 month, the animals were induced to superovulate with i.p injections of 10 IU of PMSG and 10 IU of HCG given 48 h apart, and were mated with Swiss Albino male mice. Mice with positive vaginal plug were placed again as 5, 10 and 15 members in their cages. After 98 h post HCG injection, embryos, mostly at the blastocyst stage, were collected from the uteri of mated animals by flushing. The number of flushed blastocysts, and blastomers in each embryo in 3 groups were analyzed statistically. Findings: Our results showed that the mean number of flushed blastocysts in control low stress group (7.7±2.8) and high stress group (2.4±2.1) was significantly lower than control group (14.8± 3.4), and also the mean number of blastomers in low stress group and high stress group showed no significant difference in comparison to control group. (P=0.176) Discussion & Conclusion: It can be concluded that overcrowding could be considered an important factor in infertility by decreasing the number of flushed blastocysts in mice.}, Keywords = {overcrowding, blastocysts, mouse}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {10-18}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-231-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-231-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {In vitro Anti-fungal And Toxicity of Spray-dried Amphotericin B-loaded Poly Lactide-glycolide Nanocapsules}, abstract ={Introduction: Amphotericin B (AmB) is an ancient antifungal drug as well as a proper treatment for systemic fungal infection. Unfortunately, this antibiotic has shown some side effects such as nephrotoxicity. Therefore, some new AmB formulations are, nowadays, prepared to reduceits toxicity and increase effectiveness of this drug. Materials & Methods: AmB nanocapsules were prepared from polymers such as poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolide by means of a solvent displacement technique. Then, the dried nanocapsules were prepared using SiO2 and entrapment efficacy of AmB was measured by spectrophotometry technique. Also, the MICs of these nanocapsules to Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) was determined using microdilution method. Then, in vitro toxicity (haemolysis) of AmB- loaded nanocapsules was determined on human red blood cells. Findings: The data showed that AmB entrapment efficacy of nanocapsules was 75% ± 0.13. The MICs of AmB-loaded nanocapsules against the tested Candida albicans were significantly reduced, compared to that of the free antibiotic. Also, the AmB-loaded nanocapsules found to be 5.89 times less toxic than free AmB on human red blood cells. Discussion & Conclusion: The results suggest that the prepared AmB-loaded nanocapsules in this research can be an appropriate delivery system for AmB to be used in the treatment of fungal infections.}, Keywords = {Keywords: amphotricin B, nanocapsule, Candida albicans, entrapment efficacy }, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {19-28}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-240-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-240-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Standardization of Meeker\'s Test on The 2nd To 5th Grade Elementary School Students of Ilam (Iran)}, abstract ={Introduction: Meeker’s cognitive abilities diagnostic test is used to measure the broad spectrum of children and adolescent’s abilities as well as adults. This test is based on a recognized multi-factorial model of intelligence developed by Guilford. This test has 26 subscales which measure specific abilities. It was standardized in America. In this research, the test was standardized among the 2nd to 5th grade elementary school students of Ilam. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was used for current situation, while the test was standardized on 2nd to 5th grade elementary school students. Our statistical population was all the 2nd to 5th grade elementary school students of Ilam. The method of sampling was single periodic clustral sampling. 320 students participated in this research, whom escalated to 317 students due to dropout of 3 students. The samples were equally selected between the boys and girls. 80 male and female students were selected from each grade equally. The instrument of gathering data was Meeker’s test translated in Persian by the researchers. SPSS software was used for analyzing the data. Findings: The results of Chronbach’s alfa ranged from 0.7 to 0.86. The results of concurrent validity showed a significant relationship between the teacher’s assessment of student and Meeker’s subscale grades (p<.001). Furthermore, the result of factor analysis confirmed the factorial structure of Meeker’s test. Factorial loadings were over 0.3. The results of bar charts of Meeker’s subscales suggested that Meeker’s subscales distribution were normal. The results of percentile ranks of subscales were computed. Discussion & Conclusion: It is possible to identify the strength and weakness of elementary school students by Meeker’s test, and also design a suitable program for increasing such qualities. This is a basic step in education and makes it necessary to provide and apply some instruments such as Meeker’s test.}, Keywords = {Keywords: structure of intellect, standardization, Meeker’s Test, elementary students }, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {29-40}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-241-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Comparison of Maltofer And Maltose Effects on Growth And Morphology of Dermatophyte spp Colonies}, abstract ={Introduction: Dermatophytes are a group of fungi that cause infection to humans and animals. These fungi have different species. In view of the effects of Maltofer and Maltose, varieties of them should be selected to represent all the different types of dermatophytes. Therefore, Microsporum gypseum from soil Microsporums, Epidermophyton fluccosom from human Epidermophytons, Trichophyton rubrum from human Trichophytons and Microsporum canis from animal Microsporums were chosen as representatives. Materials and Methods: In this research, Maltofer (consisting of Maltose and Fe III as components) in 50,100, 200, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg / L concentrations and Maltose in 500, 1000 and 2000 mg / L concentrations were separately added to SCC culture medium. Then, the fungi were suspended in normal saline and mycelia segments and spores were counted in WBC count part of Neubauer slide, so that each 50 μL of fungal suspension contained 1000 mycelium segments and fungi spores. Then, in the center of each different concentration of culture media and also control culture, wells with equal diameters were created to which both Maltose and Maltofer groups of 50 μL of fungal suspension were injected. After inoculation, all the culture media were set in the same temperature and moisture conditions for two weeks. In the first and second weeks, the diameter of each colony was evaluated and measured. Findings: In evaluation of fungal colony area after 1 and 2 weeks, it was observed that all the four above mentioned fungal varieties in both Maltofer and Maltose groups showed more growth than the control. The fungi inoculated in Maltofer containing media showed more growth and irregularity in different concentrations while the growth of all fungi in Maltose containing media was lesser and more uniform, so the more increased Maltose concentration the more increased the diameter of colonies. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the finds, it can be deduced that Maltose a nutrient for the fungi, increase in its concentration causes increase in fungal growth, but not with an escalating trend. So, it is assumed that dermatophytes just absorb Maltose up to their level of requirement. Maltofer contains iron, i.e. a microelement of fungi with different effects in various concentrations on dermatophyte growth compared to control and Maltose containing media. Regarding presence of Maltose in Maltofer and culture media containing Maltose, increased growth in Maltofer containing media may be related to iron III presence in them.}, Keywords = {Keywords: maltofer, dermatophytes, maltose }, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {41-52}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-242-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Association Between Asymptomatic Bacteriuria And Some emographic Variables in Pregnant Womenr Refered to Health Centers Affilited to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, abstract ={Introduction: Associatin between the frequency of asymptomatic urinary tract infection and pregnancy has always been a subject of interest to reserchers. The physiological changes assosiated with pregnancy under the effect of hormones result in changes of chemical composition of urine, which may facilitate bacterial growth. We conducted this study to determine the relationship between asymptomatic bacteriuria and some demographic variables in pregnant womens refered to health centers of hamadan university of medical sciences. Materials & Methods: In this study, midstream urine was collected from 377 pregnant women and streaked on blood agar and EMB medium agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Growth was considered significant if 105 CFU/ml (colony forming unit/ml) bacteria were present. Biochemical analysis of urine was carried out by urine strip method. For microscopic analysis, 10 ml of urine was centrifuged and the sediment was studied. Findings: The results showed that 10.1 percent of pregnant women had asymptomatic bacteriuria, and 73.7% have pyuria. Colonies were identified by biochemical tests, and the common uropathogens were E.coli 68.4%, S. epidermidis 10.5%, Klebsiella pnumonia 7.9%, S. fecalis 5.3%, Enterobacter cloacae, Morganella morgany and S. aureus each 2.5%. The organisms were further tested for antibiotic sensitivity using a disk diffusion method. Acording to the results, co-trimoxazole was the best antibiotic, fowllowed by nitrofurantoin. Discussion ;Conclusion: This syudy showe al though, the pyuria is known as the best sign of inflammation in urinary tract, in case UTI is investigated on the base of pyuria, we will miss 26.3 % of UTI. Also, because of high frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria (more than 6%), urine culture is suggested in all pregnant women at this region.}, Keywords = {Keywords: bacteruria, asymptomatic, pregnancy, uropathogen}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {53-60}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-243-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-243-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {Efficacy of Social Skills Training on Behavior Disorders Among Elementry School Children}, abstract ={Introduction: In recent decades, psychologists have concluded, in considering behavioral disorders and social corruptions, that many disorders and harms result from lack of ability in correct analysis of self and self situation, lack of control sensation, and personal competence in order to face difficult conditions as well as lack of intelligence for solving real life problems in an approperiate way. Thus, the purpose of current research was to study the effect of training social skills on behavioral disorders of preliminary children. Materials & Methods: This research was accomplished on 90 students (45=male, 45= female) in third, forth and fifth grades, based on children symptom inventory (CSI-4) affected with behavioral disorders. Educations included educating social skills for Stephens class and list of social skills of Walker that were presented by group discussion, role playing, and modeling. Findings: The results showed that training social skills resulted in reducing behavioral disorders indicators (F=2, 026/785). This reduction implied a significance level = /001 in male and female groups. (F= 840/777= for male and F= 2,149/150 for Female). Discussion & Conclusion: Analyzing the finds showed that the children's problems, affected with behavioral disorders who were under social skills training, reduced. These results indicated that hygiene and health affair professionals must try to consider trainig social skills from the preliminary course on. As a result, it can be said that training social skills culminates in an increased mental health and plays an effective role in preventing behavioral problems and psychosis.}, Keywords = {Keywords: training, social skills, behavioral disorders, children}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {61-68}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-244-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-244-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} } @article{ author = {}, title = {A Study of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genotypes in Children Less Than 5 Years of Age with Acute Respiratory Symptoms in 2007 and 2009}, abstract ={Introduction: Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most important viral agent of acute respiratory infection in children less than 5 years age worldwide. HRSV is responsible for 50% brochiolitis and 25% pneumonia in infants. There are limited data of HRSV genotypes from developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate HRSV genotypes in 2007 and 2009 in Iran. Materials & Methods: 72 and 107 respiratory samples were collected from children less than 5 years of age with acute respiratory infection in 2007and 2009, respectively, whom were tested for G glycoprotein gene of HRSV by RT-PCR. Findings: Of the 72 respiratory samples tested in 2007, 14 samples (19,44%) were positive for HRSV and fell on three genotypes: 12 strains in GA2, 1 strain in GA1 , and 1strain in GA5. Whereas, of the 107 respiratory samples tested in 2009, 24 samples (22,24%) were positive that 16 (67%) belonged to subgroup A genotypes: 15 strains in GA1, and 1Strain in GA2, whereas, 8 (33%) clustered in genotype BA in subgroup B. Discussion & Conclusion: This study revealed that multiple genotypes of HRSV were cocirculated on years 2007 and 2009 in Iran. Also our results showed that subgroup A strains were more prevalent than subgroup B viruses, GA2 and GA1 genotypes were predominant genotypes on years 2007 and 2009, respectively.}, Keywords = {Keywords: human respiratory syncytial virus, genotype, acute respiratory infection}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {69-78}, publisher = {Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-245-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-245-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {1563-4728}, eissn = {2588-3135}, year = {2010} }