per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
1
11
article
Efficacy of Prophylactic Intravenous Dexamethasone in
N Manuchehrian
1
M Arjomandi
2
M,H Bakhshaeu
Bakhshaei@umsha.ac.ir
3
P Hajian
4
N Alipur
5
A Farhanchi
6
Abstract
Introduction: Post dural puncture
headache (PDPH) is an important
complication of spinal anesthesia,
especially in young parturient women after
cesarean section. The usage of
glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone is a
drug suggested to treat PDPH. The aim of
this study was to determine the effect, of
intravenous dexamethasone in prevention
of PDPH after spinal anesthesia in cesarean
section.
Materials & Methods: This is a doubleblind
randomized clinical trial in which 246
cases of parturients candidated for cesarean
section. Patients were divided randomly in
6 equal groups(n=41) according to the
number of punctures (1, 2 or > 2 punctures)
and administration of 8 mg intravenous
dexamethasone. All the patients received
spinal anesthesia using 75 mg of 5%
lidocaine with a 25G quincke needle. Then,
thepatientqs age,history of surgery,previous
spinal anesthesia and headache,new onset
and duration of PDPH and vital signes of
patients were recorded. Finally the obtained
data were analyzied by SPSS software.
Findings: 44(17.9%) patients out of the
246 ones were affected by headache. 12.2%
of patients who had received
dexamethasone and 23.6% of patients who
had not received it suffered from
headache,(p-v= 0.030)/ The frequency of
hypotension during surgery in patients who
had received dexamethasone and those who
had not received it were 63.4% and 76.4%,
respectedly, (P-v=0.037).
Discussion & Conclusion:
Administration of intravenous prophylactic
dexamethasone caused a significantly
decrease in the incidence of PDPH ;
intraoperative hypotension.So, we suggest
the use of 8mg intravenous dexamethasone
in susceptive patients for prevention of
PDPH.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-564-en.pdf
post dural puncture headache
dexamethasone
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
12
19
article
Effects of Flourid on Child Dental Caris in
K Rahmani
1
A Rahmani
2
H Rahmani
3
A,H Mahvi
ahmahvi@yahoo.com
4
M Yousefi
5
K Goadini
6
Introduction: If the fluoride concentration
in drinking water is lower than the standard
level, it causes dental caries and if it be
more than standard level it causes dental
fluorosis. The aim of this study was to
determine whether a relationship exists
between the groundwater fluoride(F)
concentration and dental caries in children
living in 7 areas of Nourabade Mamasani
town in Iran.
Materials & Methods: F level of the town
drinking water was measured by the
SPADNS method. All the children of the 4
age groups of 6, 9, 10, and 12 were sampled
for a total of 3349 in seven districts of the
town. All the 28 teeth of the children were
subject to this test. The drinking water in
the region is totally of groundwater supply.
The residents have essentially the same
socio-economic living standards and
nutritional conditions.
Findings: In these 7 areas, the F level in
the drinking water was from 0.53 to 1
mg/L., While the number of decayed
permanent(Dt) teeth per child ranged from
0.13and 0.34 to the number of decayed
deciduous(dt) teeth ranged from 0.5 to 3.9
Although the F level in the drinking water
was below the national level, the dental
caries were below the national level. Over
this narrow concentration range, there
appeared to be a weak association between
the F level in the drinking water and Dt and
dt. Linear regression analyses showed very
weak decreases of the Dt and dt scores with
increasing water F level is not significant.
Discussion & Conclusion: This study
shows that in low concentrations of F
ranging 0.1 to 0.53mg/L, there is a
negligible effect on prevention of dental
caries.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-565-en.pdf
drinking water
fluoride
dental
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
20
25
article
Comparison Between Remifentanil And Fentanyl Effects on
A.R Purnajafian
drpournajafian@iums.ac.ir
1
S Ghavam
2
S Ghavam
3
M.R Hafezi Ahmadi
4
M Ghavam
5
Introduction: Intravenous opioid injection
as premedication is one of the most
common methods for preventing and
controlling hemodynamic changes due to
laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Using
such drugs is not suggestsd in pregnant
women who candidate for cesarean section,
because of respiratory depression in the
newborn, but in special conditions such as
preeclampsia, anesthetists can inject low
doses of fentanyl(as a synthetic opioid).
Because of rapid metabolism of
remifentanil and no respiratory effects in
the newborn, it can be introduced as a
perfect alternative for longer acting opioids
in such conditions.
Materials & Methods: This study was
done as a randomized clinical trial on
preeclamptic pregnant women who were
candidate for cesarean section under
general anesthesia. They were divided into
two groups: in one group 1ml. fentanyl was
injected before induction of
anesthesia(n1=18) , and in the other group
0.05 g/kg/min remifentanil was infused for
3 minutes before induction (n2=20).
Afterwars, of heart rate, systolic and
diastolic blood pressures before and after
intubation and also the newborn's apgar
were measured and assessed.
Findings: All hemodynamic indices
increased after intubation in the fentanyl
group , and increase in diastolic pressure an
heart rate was significant. Mild increase in
heart rate and decreasing in systolic and
diastolic blood pressure after intubation in
remifentanil group was achieved that the
decrease in systolic blood pressure was
significantly different(R1=154.35,
R2=148.35). Comparison of changes
between the two groups also demonstrated
significant difference (Pval.<0.05). The
newborns mean apgar score showed no
signifant difference between the two
groups(AP.remi=0.88, AP.fent=0.86).
Discussion and Conclusion: Considering
no difference between the newborns apgar
in both the groups and results of assessment
of hemodynamic indices, it can be
suggested to use remifentanyl in pregnant
women who are candidate for cesarean
section under general anesthesia to prevent
severe increase in blood pressure and heart
rate during tracheal intubation.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-566-en.pdf
cesarean section
preeclampsy
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
26
37
article
A Study of kinetics And Biosorption Isotherms of
M Malakootian
m.malakootian@yahoo.com
1
GH.R Moussavi
2
A Toolabi
3
Introduction: One of the effective
technologies to remove heavy metals is to
use bio-absorbents which are economical,
easy to access, and conformed to
environmental standards. The aim of this
research was to study the biosorption level
of copper, zinc, lead, and cadmium using
Ulothrix Zonata Algae from industrial
wastewater.
Materials ; Methods: was a cross
sectional investigation. Sampling was done
from wastewater of battery-making,
electroplating and copper industries of
Kerman City. Initial levels of Copper, Zinc,
Lead and Cadmium were measured by
atomic absorption spectrometry. To
determine the absorption level of such
metals by Ulothrix Zonata absorbent,
various amounts of absorbent (0.2, 0.4, 0.5,
1, 1.5 g) were exposed to the mentioned
wastewater under different pHs (3, 4, 5, 6,
7), various temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30
°C) and different exposure times (15, 30,
45, 60 and 80 min). Then, the absorption
isotherms and kinetic modeling of metallic
ions were determined on the absorbent
based on testing Longmuir, Freundlich, and
first and second grade kinetics isotherm
models.
Findingsq Level of removing metals by
Ulothrix Zonata absorbent was different. In
optimum temperature 25 °C, optimum pH 4
for copper and lead metals , optimum pH 5
for zinc and cadmium metals, balanced
contact time of 60 min and absorbent level
of 1.5 g/L, removal level of copper, zinc,
lead and cadmium was 98.2%, 96%, 98.4%
and 94.7% respectively. The removal rate
of lead was more than the other metals.
Discussion ; Conclusion: Isotherm
parameters showed that absorbent capacity
for absorbing lead was higher, but
absorption of copper and cadmium metals
with energy height occurred. Concerning
high absorption efficiency, Ulothrix Zonata
algae can effectively be used to biosorption
of heavy metals from industrial wastewater.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-567-en.pdf
Isotherm and Kinetic
heavy
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
38
45
article
Promotion of Sun Protection in Children: An
mirzaei.amin62@gmail.com
1
2
3
4
5
Introduction: Excessive sun exposure in
childhood has been associated with the
development of skin cancer. The aim of this
study was the promotion of sun protection
behaviors in 1-8 years old children through
mother education based on Social Cognitive
Theory (SCT).
Materials & Methods: One hundred and
sixty five mothers with 1-8 years old
children referring to Emamshahr health care
center of Yazd city participated in this
study. The study subjects were randomized
to either an intervention (70 subjects) or
control (90subjects) group. Data was
collected using Persian version of Parental
Sun Protection Scale (PSPS), before and
two months after performing the
educational intervention program and then
analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software,
descriptive statistics, chi square test, t test
and paired t test.
Findings: Results of this study showed
significant differences in mean scores of
self efficacy (P0.001), norms (P0.001),
impediments (P0.01), and expectancies
(P0.001), in intervention group two
months after performing the educational
intervention program. Significant increases
were also found in behaviors of using the
sun protection strategies such as sun screen
usage (P0.001), protective clothing
(P0.01), and sun avoidance (P0.007) in
intervention group. There was no
significant difference in mean scores of
variables among control group.
Discussion & Conclusion: The results of
this study showed the applicability of
educational intervention based on Social
Cognitive Theory to promote sun protection
behaviors in children via education of their
mothers.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-570-en.pdf
skin cancer
educational
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
46
56
article
Agonist Effect of Papaverine on Human
A Ahmadzadeh
aahmadzadeh20@yahoo.com
1
M Feizie
2
M Habibi Rezaie
3
Introductioni Glycation is a non enzymatic
reaction initiated by the primary addition of
sugar to the amino groups of proteins.In the
early stage of glycation, the synthesis of
intermediates leading to formation of
Amadori compounds occurs. In the late
stage, advanced glycation end product
(AGE)is irrevesibly formed after a complex
cascade of reactions. Glycation also affect
diabetes-related complications
physiological aging and neurodegenerative
diseases such as alzeimers.
Materials & Methodsi In this study, HSA
incubation with glucose and different
concentration of papaverine for 42 days at
37°C. as well as HSA incubation alone
(control sample), with glucose(glycated
sample)were treated respectively under the
same conditions. After 42 days, the samples
by use of circular dichroism, fluorescence
and UV spectroscopy were investigated.
Findingsi HSA glycation increases alon
with rising of papaverine concentration.
Samples containing papaverine showed
more changes in secondary structure free
amino groups and AGE fluorescence in
relation to glycated and control samples.
Discussion & Conclusion: In glycated
helix and sheet a 5.7% decrease and 3.1%
increase were seen in comparison to the
control respectively. Glycated showed
14.2% fluorescence more than the control.
Free lys number in glycated showed 8%
less in relation to the control. All this cases
showed more changes in samples which
contained papaverine. HSA absorb in
presence of papaverine showed that
papaverine cause more lys contact with
sugar and an increase in glycation.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-571-en.pdf
glycation
human serum
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
57
61
article
Effects of Education on The Knowledge And Action of The
A Direkvand Moghadam
a.direkvand@yahoo.com
1
Z Sohrabi
2
M jafarpur
3
Introduction: Family planning is the most effective strategy in reducing the world population. Family planning was replaced by reproductive health since 1994 and the role of men is one of the most important aspects of this program. Therefore, determination of men's knowledge in family planning and the role of education in enhancing the awareness are important. This study has been performed to determine the impact of education on knowledge and performance of the married men's contribution to family planning.
Materials & Methods: During the investigation, 500 married men working at hospitals and health centers of Ilam were studied by use of easy sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Analyzing the data was performed by SPSS software and Paired t-test, x2 and Fisher.
Findings: It was shown that mean of score about men's knowledge of family planning before the education was statistically different from that of after the education. A signficant difference was seen between the men's age, education, job and their wives. Before the education, the most frequent method of contraception was pills usage, (53.9%) and the lowest frequencies were IUD and DMPA (0%). After the education, pills continued to be the most frequent method of contraception (28/4%) and DMPA (0/8 %) as the rarest.
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-577-en.pdf
per
Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
1563-4728
2588-3135
2012-01
19
4
62
69
article
A Study on Electronic Learning Readiness of
F Mehdizadeh
mehdizadeh_88@yahoo.com
1
H Mehdizadeh
2
M.R Sarmadi
3
M Azizi
4
M Allaei
5
Introduction: Nowadays, electronic learning is not a choice but a necessity for higher education. This study aims at investigating readiness of faculty members of Iranian west medical universities in application of e-learning in learning processes.
Materials & Methods: Running a stratified sampling technique, 140 faculty members of Iranian west medical universities were selected and their readiness for electronic learning application was assessed by a researcher-developed questionnaire. The reliability of the instrument turned out as acceptable using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. Hypotheses were tested utilizing t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Findings: Results of the study revealed that the respondents mostly believed in the effectiveness of e-learning environments in learning process. Further, those who had had abroad studies opportunities believed in the effectiveness of such environments, had knowledge and skill on these areas and used the environments more than others.
Discussion & Conclusion: Providing opportunities for academic staff to experience learning and teaching process abroad and attending the e-learning conferences and workshops, especially for those who have been graduated more than ten years ago, would persuade them to utilize e-learning environments
http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-578-en.pdf
electronic learning
web based education
medical education